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Introduction
Published in Emmanuel Tsekleves, John Keady, Design for People Living with Dementia, 2021
Emmanuel Tsekleves, John Keady
The last chapter in Part 1, Chapter 5, by Emmanuel Tsekleves, provides an overview of design research work that contributes to the context of dementia through the research, design and development of relevant non-pharmacological interventions. In doing so it maps the landscape of design research in this field, outlining several opportunities for design researchers in this field. Drawing from the literature, the chapter identifies four key research themes where design research effort has recently been focused, namely: (i) reminiscence and personhood, (ii) social interaction and living in the moment, (iii) independent and assisted living and (iv) cognitive and physical stimulation.
The association between pain and mental ill-health
Published in April Russello, Severe Mental Illness in Primary Care, 2018
Unlike the senses (such as sight or hearing), in which specific receptors are stimulated by the factor to be detected (e.g. a light image falling upon the nerve cells in the retina of the eye; sound waves setting up vibrations within the ear and causing stimulation of the auditory nerves) there are no specific pain receptors. Rather, it is chemical or physical stimulation (or over-stimulation) of nerve endings used for detecting other modalities, such as heat, touch, pressure, which initiate the nerve impulses eventually perceived as pain.
In vivo analgesic effect of ethanolic extracts of exocarp, mesocarp, and seeds of Carica pubescens
Published in Elida Zairina, Junaidi Khotib, Chrismawan Ardianto, Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman, Charles D. Sands, Timothy E. Welty, Unity in Diversity and the Standardisation of Clinical Pharmacy Services, 2017
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage such as inflammation, infection, and muscle spasm with the act of liberating pain mediators like prostaglandins, prostaglandins, bradykinin, serotonin, histamine, potassium ions, and acetylcholine (Hemmings & Hopkins 2006, Mutschler 1991). Pain is caused by mechanical, chemical, or physical stimulation and can cause damages in tissues (Tjay & Rahardja 2007).
Female Multiple Orgasm: An Exploratory Internet-Based Survey
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2021
M. Gérard, M. Berry, R. A. Shtarkshall, R. Amsel, Y. M. Binik
Women’s first orgasm latency data yielded an average of 11.02 minutes (SD = 10.55), with the dyadic group reporting a significantly longer orgasm latency period (M = 13.19, SD = 11.45) compared to the solo group (M = 7.16, SD = 7.33), t (417) = − 5.84, p < .001. A majority of women (N = 244, 58.2%) maintained continuous physical stimulation after the first orgasm of the series, while 20.5% of them (N = 86) put stimulation to a halt for approximately one minute, and 12.6% (N = 53) for approximately two (N = 34) to three (N = 19) minutes. Overall, over 90% of the sample reported either no break in stimulation or a break of one to three minutes at most. Only nine participants (2.2%) reported taking a break of 10 minutes or more. A higher proportion of women in the dyadic group (64.6%) reported continuous physical stimulation compared to those in the solo group (47%).
Physical Pain as Pleasure: A Theoretical Perspective
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2020
Cara R. Dunkley, Craig D. Henshaw, Saira K. Henshaw, Lori A. Brotto
Although SM is a central element of BDSM, the larger practice of BDSM does not hinge on the giving and receiving of painful stimulation, or necessarily even involve pain at all. Qualitative research on BDSM practitioners has found that pain is not the main objective of play but is instead employed to achieve a certain emotional experience (Cross & Matheson, 2006). Power exchange—the appearance that one partner controls the other, a reciprocal give-and-take of dominance and submission (Weinberg, Williams, & Moser, 1984)—has been reported to be more important than pain in BDSM (Weinberg, 1987). Within the context of power exchange, pain may be used as a method to establish, maintain, or intensify the power differential between partners (Cross & Matheson, 2006; Langdridge & Butt, 2005; Newmahr, 2010). The vulnerability, both physically and emotionally, that can be elicited through the infliction of pain plays a role in its enjoyment. Several aspects of BDSM, such as psychological or emotional pain play, may not involve any physical stimulation (Barker et al., 2007). For some BDSM practitioners, it is not the experience of pain but the idea or threat of pain that is arousing (Moser & Kleinplatz, 2007). That Bottoms in qualitative studies have spoken about how their experience of pain is positively enhanced by the knowledge that they are pleasing their partners further speaks to the importance of interpersonal context in BDSM (Hébert & Weaver, 2015; Moser & Kleinplatz, 2007).
‘Neurasthenia gastrica’ revisited: perceptions of nerve-gut interactions in nervous exhaustion, 1880–1920
Published in Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, 2018
Rest and isolation were, however, controversial modes of treatment, and several authors warned against exaggerations in this respect. Thus, exercise in suitable amounts, preferably outdoors, was frequently recommended as part of the therapeutic regime: ‘Horseback riding, golf, yachting, fishing, shooting, camp life for a few weeks, a pleasure trip, all give excellent results’ [27, p. 383]. A more passive form of physical stimulation was also often encouraged: ‘There is no doubt that massage improves the nutrition of the muscles and nerves, and favors a vigorous circulation, metabolism, and regular evacuation’ [30, p. 766].