China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Evaluation of Balance
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Christopher P Aldren, Doris-Eva Bamiou, Raymond W Clarke, Richard M Irving, Haytham Kubba, Shakeel R Saeed, Paediatrics, The Ear, Skull Base, 2018
The intolerance to visual motion mentioned in the previous paragraph is sometimes called visual vertigo, visually induced dizziness, space and motion discomfort, visuovestibular mismatch or simply ‘the supermarket syndrome’.6 This should not be confused with oscillopsia, which is the movement or oscillation of the visual surroundings.7 Oscillopsia is described by patients as jumpy, jerky, bobbing, wobbly or sometimes just blurred vision. In the balance disorder patients, always consider the possibility that a patient’s complaint of blurred vision or difficulty in focusing might be oscillopsia.
Disorders of Sensation, Motion, and Body Schema
Published in Rolland S. Parker, Concussive Brain Trauma, 2016
This is an optical illusion where stationary objects move back and forth or up and down. When a patient with acute unilateral and peripheral vestibular damage attempts to fixate on an object, it will appear blurred and seem to be moving in the opposite direction of the spontaneous nystagmus. With bilateral loss of vestibular function, oscillopsia occurs with any head movement. When walking, the surroundings seem to be bouncing up and down leading to inability to fixate on objects. Visual tasks, including reading, requires holding the head still.
Neuro-Ophthalmological Findings in Patients with Posterior Circulation Stroke
Published in Vivek Lal, A Clinical Approach to Neuro-Ophthalmic Disorders, 2023
Patients with lesions that involve the vestibular system and the VOR often report vertigo, dizziness, ataxia, and dysequilibrium.1 Sometimes objects appear to jiggle or move rhythmically (oscillopsia). Patients may describe difficulty focusing or reading while they are in motion, for example, in a moving car. Nystagmus, abnormalities of eye position, and ataxia are common abnormalities found on examination. The VOR has three different planes of activity, each subserved by different anatomical structures: the horizontal or yaw plane; the vertical, sagittal, or pitch plane; and the roll or torsional plane. The horizontal plane VOR connections are mostly in the medulla-ponto-mesencephalic regions and include structures involved in horizontal gaze. These vestibulo-ocular connections are located in the lateral and medial pontomedullary tegmentum on both sides and include: the vestibular nuclei, nuclei prepositus hypoglossi, paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) lateral gaze centers, sixth nerve nuclei, medial longitudinal fasciculi (MLF), and the third nerve nuclei in the midbrain. The medial vestibular nuclei and the nuclei prepositus hypoglossi contribute to gaze holding in the horizontal plane. Lesions affecting the horizontal VOR cause rotational vertigo, postural imbalance, and horizontal nystagmus. The vertical plane VOR includes vestibular nuclei connections with structures that control vertical gaze in the rostral brainstem located in the paramedian tegmentum near the mesencephalic-diencephalic junction. Two key structures are the rostral interstitial nucleus of the MLF (riMLF) and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC), a structure important in vertical gaze-holding and in eye-head coordination in the roll plane. Connections between the two sides, probably within the posterior commissure, allow coordination of the two eyes in up and down gaze. Abnormalities in this system cause up and down beat nystagmus, tilt in a pitch plane of the subjective vertical axis, and feelings of moving forward or backward or somersaulting.
Management and Treatment Modalities in Traumatic Brain Injury
Published in Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility, 2020
The description of the visual disturbance may sound as if the patient is experiencing double vision, but clarifying if the objects appear to be bouncing is a help for this diagnosis. Following a TBI, there may be certain gazes where this oscillation and/or nystagmus is noted. Possibly, the patient may be taught to “ignore” the oscillopsia if it is not in the primary position. Conversely, they may prefer to utilize their null point by using a slight face turn. Prisms may be used to move the eyes into their null point where there is less nystagmus. If this is not possible, occasionally using prisms to move the eyes into a more convergent position may improve the bouncing sensation, similar to Nystagmus Blockage (P. Jenkins, personal communication with patients, Multiple Sclerosis Eye Clinic of Texas, 2005–2017)9.
Vestibulotoxicity: strategies for clinical diagnosis and rehabilitation
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2018
Symptoms of vestibular ototoxicity, both unilateral and bilateral, are variable across patients and may include oscillopsia, which is the perception that viewed stationary objects or surroundings move coincident with head movement, dizziness, motion sickness, and unsteadiness when standing or walking, especially in the dark (Ahmed et al. 2012; Black et al. 2001, 2004; Ishiyama et al. 2006). With oscillopsia, the illusory movements occur on the same plane as head movement but in the opposite direction. For example, head movement resulting from walking may yield the perception that the environment is bobbing up and down, whereas turning the head may result in the sensation that the environment is whirling around. Severe oscillopsia can prevent an individual from having clear vision with even the slightest head movement, negatively impacting the ability to read and to participate in routine activities of daily living (Crawford 1952).
Using VR to Investigate the Relationship between Visual Acuity and Severity of Simulated Oscillopsia
Published in Current Eye Research, 2020
David Randall, Sophie Lauren Fox, John Wesley Fenner, Gemma Elizabeth Arblaster, Anne Bjerre, Helen Jane Griffiths
Oscillopsia is a symptom characterised by a visual perception that the world is in constant motion, resulting from involuntary eye movement. Oscillopsia is common with acquired nystagmus but is also reported in 39% of those with infantile nystagmus.1 The relationship between the severity of nystagmus eye movement and visual acuity (VA) has previously been reported for those with infantile nystagmus,2–5 but the effect of oscillopsia on VA has seldom been studied.6–8 The use of motorised mirrors facing acuity targets is a previous attempt.8 This paper utilises recently available virtual reality (VR) technology to simulate oscillopsia using nystagmus waveforms to investigate the relationship between the severity of oscillopsia and VA.