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Cardiology
Published in Kristen Davies, Shadaba Ahmed, Core Conditions for Medical and Surgical Finals, 2020
The pathogenesis of hypertension is unclear. Chronically elevated BP leads to structural vessel wall changes that increase the thickness of the wall, which reduces the diameter of the lumen. This increased mechanical stress promotes atherosclerosis. The increase in total peripheral resistance (afterload) leads to left ventricular hypertrophy. As a memory aid, the changes involved in hypertension can cause microvascular and macrovascular complications.
Prospective Memory and Medicine Taking
Published in Lynn B. Myers, Kenny Midence, Adherence to Treatment in Medical Conditions, 2020
Most recent research in prospective remembering has focused on factors that are thought to directly influence the probability of recognising a retrieval context when a situation that matches it occurs. Both laboratory and field studies have confirmed the benefits of adopting an external memory aid such as a timer, post-it stickers or placing a relevant object in a prominent and/or unusual place (e.g. Meacham and Leiman, 1975; Einstein and McDaniel, 1990). It has been assumed, moreover, that the primary benefits of such explicit strategies are to facilitate recollections of the intention during a delay period and/or immediately prior to the moment for recall (e.g. Harris and Wilkins, 1982).
Listen To Remember
Published in Judi Brownell, The Listening Advantage, 2019
A mnemonic, also known as a memory aid, is a tool that helps you remember an idea or phrase with a pattern of letters, numbers, or other deliberate associations. Mnemonic devices include special rhymes and poems, acronyms, images, songs, outlines, and other memory tools. Types of mnemonics range from simple catchphrases to the creation of abbreviations and rhymes.
Early mobile app training proficiency predicts how well memory-impaired individuals learn to use digital memory aids in the real world
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2023
Brandon P. Vasquez, Andrada Cretu, Adina Max, Morris Moscovitch
Mobile applications are well suited to function as compensatory supports for individuals with significant memory dysfunction. In situations where prior device operational knowledge and experience is limited, training application use is a first step towards implementation of memory aids in daily life. Generalization of memory aid use beyond the clinical training context is recognized as a significant obstacle to effective memory compensation. The limited research on real-world generalization is in agreement with our approach, which is to apply training to environments where the skills would actually be used (Fleming et al., 2005; Powell et al., 2012). The present study examined whether performance metrics during application training were predictive of implementing the external compensation strategy in the real world. Mobile calendar training data from skill learning and skill generalization phases of an outpatient memory intervention program were analyzed to examine real-world outcomes of prospective memory task completion. Initial responding to alert notification performance was predictive of the total response training trials, and therefore the duration required to reach the learning criterion for these steps. Age was not correlated with length of time to complete skill learning stages (event entry and response training), or the duration of generalization training. Several aspects of performance during the skill learning phase, however, influenced how well participants fared with real-world implementation during the generalization phase.
Lifelogging as a rehabilitation tool in patients with amnesia: A narrative literature review on the effect of lifelogging on memory loss
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2022
Tijmen van Teijlingen, Erik Oudman, Albert Postma
Given the importance of memory functions for both daily life activities and sense of identity and personal self, the attention for rehabilitation techniques to deal with memory loss has substantially increased in the last decades. Memory rehabilitation techniques can be divided into internal and external memory aid techniques and aim to rehabilitate memory. Moderately successful examples of memory rehabilitation techniques have mainly focused on these internal rehabilitation strategies, such as cue-based learning and errorless learning (Kessels & Haan, 2003; Middleton & Schwartz, 2012). Such methods, although proven to be effective, are mainly focused on procedural memory, i.e., skill learning. For the domain of episodic memory, effective rehabilitation techniques are sparse and limited successful. A promising exemption might be offered by so called “lifelogging devices.” Lifelogging can be described as a process by which individuals are able to create and elaborate, an external record of daily life activities (Dodge & Kitchin, 2007), that they as well as others can review at a later moment.
Do memory aids help everyday memory? A controlled trial of a Memory Aids Service
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2018
Bonnie-Kate Dewar, Narinder Kapur, Michael Kopelman
Compensatory rehabilitation approaches to memory impairment seek to bypass the deficit and teach the individual how to use certain strategies to solve functional problems (Kapur & Wilson, 2009). External memory aids are the most effective and widely used intervention for the rehabilitation of memory impairments (Sohlberg et al., 2007). An external memory aid is a tool or device that “either limits the demands on the person's impaired ability or transforms the task or environment such that it matches the client's abilities” (Sohlberg, 2006, p. 51). Neuropsychological rehabilitation has a long history in the use of so called “low technology” compensatory memory aids such as stationery-based aids including notebooks, diaries and calendars. There is a rapidly growing market of high technology, electronic memory aids, such as calendars operated on a personal computer, smart phones, voice recorders, and paging devices. However, both low technology and high technology memory aids may be difficult for people with cognitive impairments to learn how to use. Whilst there is growing evidence of the effectiveness of the use of memory aids, there have been relatively few controlled trials of interventions that incorporate systematic training in their use.