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Diagnosis of Dementia
Published in Dawn Brooker, Sue Lillyman, Mary Bruce, Dementia Care, 2023
Dawn Brooker, Sue Lillyman, Mary Bruce
Part of the assessment includes a mental state examination. Some of the more common tests are: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), information available at: www.parinc.com/Products/Pkey/237General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG) Score, information available at: https://patient.info/doctor/general-practitioner-assessment-of-cognition-gpcog-scoreAbbreviated Mental Test (AMT), information available at: www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Abbreviated-Mental-Test-%28AMT%29.htm7 Minute ScreenTM, information available at: www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-the-7-minute-screen-98636SLUMS Examination from St Louis University, information available at: www.slu.edu/medicine/internal-medicine/geriatric-medicine/aging-successfully/assessment-tools/mental-status-exam.php
Managing patients with dementia
Published in Christopher Dowrick, Global Primary Mental Health Care, 2019
Ferdinando Petrazzuoli, Christos Lionis, Venetia Young
Early identification and management of dementia in the primary care setting continues to be challenging. Common early symptoms of dementia include: Memory problems, particularly for recent events;Increasing confusion;Reduced concentration;Personality or behaviour changes;Apathy and withdrawal;Depression and loss of ability to do everyday tasks.Before using the classical dementia tools (Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE), Clock Drawing test) and starting a formal evaluation, consider using a short questionnaire with a close relative (Figure 9.1). One of these is the informant interview included in “The General Practitioner assessment of Cognition (GPCOG)”.
Pharmacological interventions
Published in Grahame Smith, Dementia Care, 2018
As part of this assessment, formal cognitive testing should be undertaken using a standardised instrument. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) has been frequently used for this purpose, but a number of alternatives are now available, such as the 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6CIT), the General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG) and the 7-Minute Screen. Those interpreting the scores of such tests should take full account of other factors known to affect performance, including educational level, skills, prior level of functioning and attainment, language, and any sensory impairments, psychiatric illness or physical/neurological problems (NICE, 2006: 23). Other physiological assessments such as routine blood examinations, urinalysis, or X-ray and structural imaging may also take place depending on clinical presentation.
Befriending Older Adults in Nursing Homes: Volunteer Perceptions of Switching to Remote Befriending in the COVID-19 Era
Published in Clinical Gerontologist, 2021
Marcia Fearn, Robin Harper, Georgia Major, Sunil Bhar, Christina Bryant, Briony Dow, David Dunt, George Mnatzaganian, Daniel O’Connor, Julie Ratcliffe, Sarah Samuel, Anne Marie Bagnall, Colleen Doyle
The volunteers (three male, 15 female) ranged in age from 20 to 85 years (M = 55.9 years, SD = 23.7). The residents they befriended (10 male, 16 female; some befrienders befriended more than one resident) were all over 65 years (M = 84.5 years, SD = 7.5). All residents had symptoms of depression or anxiety and only up to mild cognitive impairment, as per the eligibility criteria of the BEFRIENDAS study. Depression was measured using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (Yesavage & Sheikh, 1986), anxiety was measured using the 20-item Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (Pachana et al., 2007) and cognition was measured using the General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG) (Brodaty et al., 2002). Residents with a diagnosis of dementia or no depression or anxiety were excluded from the BEFRIENDAS study.