China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The Role of Traditional Health Practitioners in Modern Health Care Systems
Published in David R. Katerere, Wendy Applequist, Oluwaseyi M. Aboyade, Chamunorwa Togo, Traditional and Indigenous Knowledge for the Modern Era, 2019
The difference in Africa is that most traditional practices have not been fully documented and professionalized. This situation is the result of colonial rule, which sought to suppress African cultural and religious practices. In many African cultures, illness is thought to be caused by psychological and spiritual conflicts or disturbed social relationships that create a disequilibrium expressed in the form of physical or mental problems. Disequilibrium may be caused by psychological or spiritual factors, or both, that relate to African cosmology and threaten the intactness of the person. Thus, in African traditional cultures, healing emphasizes righting this disequilibrium, which makes African TM holistic, i.e. providing treatments for physical illness as well as psycho-spiritual ones (Tabuti et al. 2003).
Physicians as Pioneers: Leading Innovation in Healthcare
Published in Mindi K. McKenna, Perry A. Pugno, William H. Frist, Physicians as Leaders, 2018
Mindi K. McKenna, Perry A. Pugno, William H. Frist
Many physicians, in fact many people in general, find rapid change unsettling and sometimes quite stressful. But disequilibrium can also be a good thing. As explained in Christensen’s book The Innovator’s Dilemma (1997), disequilibrium can be a necessary catalyst for positive improvements to come about. Without disequilibrium, most of us would become too entrenched in the status quo to take risks and consider fundamentally new perspectives or, as some would say, to “think outside the box.”
Acute vertigo
Published in S. Musheer Hussain, Paul White, Kim W Ah-See, Patrick Spielmann, Mary-Louise Montague, ENT Head & Neck Emergencies, 2018
Rahul Kanegaonkar, Max Whittaker
Migraine associated vertigo (also known as vestibular or vertiginous migraine) accounts for approximately one-third of patients presenting to a tertiary referral balance service. Although the aetiology of this condition remains obscure, symptoms are likely to be due either to a rapid change in blood flow within certain territories of the brain or to a spreading wave of hyper-excitability. Patients, with a female preponderance, classically present in their late 30s and 40s, and generally describe an initial 2- to 3-day spell of vertigo with marked disequilibrium that subsequently settles completely. Further spells are less intrusive, lasting 1 to 2 days. There is no associated hearing loss or tinnitus, but patients often report photophobia and phonophobia. As a result, most will rest in a dark, quiet room. There is an association with menstrual cycles in women, whilst in men symptoms are insidious. Most patients complain of a pervasive sense of disequilibrium. There is often a family or personal history of migraine. Clinical examination should be performed as previously described, but in this case is entirely unremarkable.
Cochlear implantation outcomes in the older adult: a scoping review
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2022
Emily Kay-Rivest, Jamie Schlacter, Susan B. Waltzman
The topic of vestibular dysfunction following CI is of specific interest, with rates of dysfunction in the general CI population ranging between 3.1 and 77% and reports of improvement upon activation (Buchman et al., 2004; Kubo et al., 2001; Melvin et al., 2009). However, in the elderly specifically, very few studies assess the level of disequilibrium and imbalance prior to or after CI surgery. Understanding the effect of CI on vestibular function in the older adults is important, as this group of patients is inherently more prone to balance issues and falls. Wong et al. looked at a group of 120 patients over the age of 75, and found that 38.7% had some degree of subjective imbalance before surgery (Wong et al., 2016). Furthermore, 12.7% of patients in this age group had had at least one fall in the year prior to surgery and preoperative vestibular testing revealed a caloric weakness in 28% of patients.
Awareness of parental illness: a grounded theory of upholding family equilibrium in parents on long-term sick-leave in primary health care
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 2021
Charlotte Oja, Tobias Edbom, Anna Nager, Jörgen Månsson, Solvig Ekblad
Patients sometimes seek primary health care when the family is in a state of disequilibrium and even chaos. In that clinical situation, it is important for diagnosis and treatment to understand the important influences in the patient’s life causing tension and disequilibrium. This study reveals a potential and important contributing factor to tension and disequilibrium in patients who are parents of underaged children. For professionals, this theory highlights that by helping the parent to a higher degree of comprehension we also assist the child. Our findings are congruent with those of primary health care in Norway [26] where parents were found to convey a double message to their helpers, in wishing to be considered responsible and well-intended parents and at the same time needing support in parenting. Our findings contribute a theory explaining what underlies the need to convey such a double message.
Genes and SNPs in the pathway of immune response and caries risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Biofouling, 2020
Luiz Alexandre Chisini, Mariana Gonzalez Cademartori, Marucs Cristian Muniz Conde, Francine Dos Santos Costa, Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues, Rodrigo Varella de Carvalho, Flávio Fernando Demarco, Marcos Britto Correa
Some strong points should be also emphasized. Publication bias was not identified through the funnel plot and Egger’s test in all analyses performed, perhaps because this topic is fairly new, and negative and positive results (without associations) were frequently published. Even though most of the studies performed analyses on several SNPs, some presented associations and others did not. The included studies have used different alleles as references in the analysis. With regard to the meta-analysis, a standardization of the reference allele was performed as being the most frequent allele present in the majority of the studies included. In addition, some genes are poorly investigated while others are better studied, which reinforces the need to conduct further studies. Moreover, the study was performed considering allelic and genotype (heterozygote and homozygote) analyses, which lend robustness to the present results. Several quality control filters were performed in the analysis. For the gene-pooled approach, SNPs from linkage disequilibrium were excluded in order to provide better quality results. It must be emphasized that not all studies performed evaluations of linkage disequilibrium and this is another limitation of the present study. To decrease this limitation and mitigate possible incorporation of bias in this study, data from open-access databases were used to exclude SNPs in linkage disequilibrium. A large number of SNPs were excluded, which could be a source of bias with the results. Moreover, palindromic SNPs were also excluded from the meta-analysis.