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Hormone disorders
Published in Steve Hannigan, Inherited Metabolic Diseases: A Guide to 100 Conditions, 2018
Apart from the characteristic features described above, other symptoms and signs of the disorder may include a small head (microcephaly), drooping of the eyelids (ptosis), a hernia, undescended testes, heart abnormalities, dislocation of the inner forearm bone at the elbow, and a partial or complete absence of the nerve ibres that connect the two hemispheres of the brain (agenesis of corpus callosum). A brain abnormality known as Dandy-Walker syndrome may also be present.
D
Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Dandy, Walter Edward (1886–1946) American neurosurgeon from Johns Hopkins Hospital who in 1918 devised the method of introducing air into the cerebral ventricles for visualizing them on X-rays. He also performed partial resection of the sensory root of the trigeminal ganglion as treatment of trigeminal neuralgia in 1934. See Dandy–Walker syndrome.
Oral examinations
Published in Deepak Subedi, Marialena Gregoriades, En Hsun Choi, John T Murchison, Graham McKillop, A Complete Guide to the Final FRCR 2B, 2011
Deepak Subedi, Marialena Gregoriades, En Hsun Choi, John T Murchison, Graham McKillop
Dandy–Walker syndrome is a congenital malformation that has three characteristic features: agenesis/dysplasia of the cerebellar vermiscystic dilatation of the fourth ventricleenlarged posterior fossa.
Chameleons, red herrings, and false localizing signs in neurocritical care
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2022
Boyi Li, Tolga Sursal, Christian Bowers, Chad Cole, Chirag Gandhi, Meic Schmidt, Stephan Mayer, Fawaz Al-Mufti
Parinaud’s Syndrome, characterized by paralysis of vertical eye movements, is typically indicative of a lesion in the mesencephalon around the cerebral aqueduct and involving the corpora quadrigemina and posterior commissure.64 However, Parinaud’s syndrome has been reported as a FLS since 1899, with various case reports emerging in the 1960s and 1970s.64 A classic example of Parinaud’s syndrome is as a FLS for Pseudo-Dandy Walker Syndrome.64 Patients may present with headaches and several ocular difficulties including diplopia, difficulty with convergence, alternating fixation, and paralysis of upward eye movement, but normal corneas, visual acuity with correction, and visual fields.64 If CT and angiography are normal and cerebellar tumor excluded, iodo-ventriculography can be useful in looking for a potentially dilated and anteriorly displaced 4th ventricle past which the dye does not progress.64 4th ventricular outflow obstruction, caused by thickening of brain tissue may cause a Pseudo-Dandy Walker syndrome.64 Neurosurgical treatment of the stenosis should resolve the ocular signs.64 Thus, CSF flow is an important consideration in diagnosing cases that present with ocular symptoms such as Parinaud’s syndrome.
Dimensions of artefacts caused by cochlear and auditory brainstem implants in magnetic resonance imaging
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2020
Elham Majdani, Omid Majdani, Melanie Steffens, Athanasia Warnecke, Anke Lesinski-Schiedat, Thomas Lenarz, Friedrich Götz
The clinical indications for MRI scanning were progressive hearing loss with the CI (n = 9), control of the size of vestibular schwannoma in neurofibromatosis type II patients with unilateral ABI (n = 5), neural deafness (n = 2) and muscular spasm in a patient with Dandy-Walker-Syndrome (n = 1). Eight patients had Nucleus CI24R implants, one had a CI512 Implant, five had Nucleus 24M ABI devices and three had an Advanced Bionics® HiRes90K CI. All CI and ABI were tested for full functionality before and after MRI scanning by testing the impedance of each electrode.
Measurement of Fetal Mesencephalon and Pons Via Ultrasonographic Cross Sectional Imagining
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2018
Ruiqi Yang, Rui Li, Xuejuan Liu, Limei Fan, Jialing Zhang, Libo Wang, Hong Teng
Thirty-eight fetuses of the observation groupTable 3 included one case of lissencephaly related midbrain and hindbrain malformations, three cases of dysplasia of the corpus callosum, one case of vein of Galen aneurysm, five cases of Dandy–Walker syndrome (DWS), 20 cases (18 isolated and 2 with additional abnormalities) of lateral ventriculomegaly, three cases of spina bifida, one case of holoprosencephaly, three cases of intracranial space-occupying lesion, one case of intracranial hemorrhage, and two cases of posterior fossa pool widened.