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Common Tips on Communication
Published in Justin C Konje, Complete Revision Guide for MRCOG Part 3, 2020
Your baby has an abnormality called congenital diaphragmatic hernia. This is an abnormality that occurs when there is a gap (defect) in the muscles that make up the sheet that separates the chest from the abdomen (known as the diaphragm). As a consequence, some of the structures that are normally in the abdomen, such as the stomach, the intestines and sometimes the liver, push through this gap into the chest. Because of these additional structures in the chest, the baby’s heart is pushed to one side and the lungs may not develop as well. Most of the hernias are on the left, but they may also occur on the right.
Paediatric surgery
Published in Roy Palmer, Diana Wetherill, Medicine for Lawyers, 2020
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia detected before 24 weeks’ gestation has a mortality of around 60% compared with a 70–80% survival for infants bom at term with a diaphragmatic hernia. Of fetuses with oesophageal atresia detected in utero, only 25% survive, primarily due to chromosomal anomalies, while the overall survival of infants bom with oesophageal atresia is 90%.
Multiple choice questions (MCQs)
Published in Tristan Barrett, Nadeem Shaida, Ashley Shaw, Adrian K. Dixon, Radiology for Undergraduate Finals and Foundation Years, 2018
Tristan Barrett, Nadeem Shaida, Ashley Shaw, Adrian K. Dixon
A premature neonate born at 30 weeks gestation is found to have bilateral diffuse ground glass appearance in the lungs with low lung volumes. Which of the following are possible differential diagnoses? Transient tachypnoea of the newborn.Meconium aspiration.Neonatal infection.Respiratory distress syndrome.Congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
Fertility outcomes after treatment with intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Michail Diakosavvas, Kyveli Angelou, Nikolaos Kathopoulis, Charalambos Voros, Eleftherios Zachariou, Konstantina Papadatou, Ioannis K. Papapanagiotou, Katerina Papakonstantinou
Both vaginal and caesarean deliveries have been mentioned in our survey. In all cases of caesarean section, disease recurrence was not reported. Regarding newborns’ health, all neonates except two were healthy. One became febrile five hours post birth and infection with Streptococcus bovis was diagnosed. The newborn was admitted to the ICU in order to receive antibiotic treatment. One week later he was discharged from hospital. Streptococcus bovis bacteraemia remains a very rare entity in neonates but seems to have an association with colonic neoplasia in adults (Cianos et al. 2013; Papageorgiou et al. 2020). The second newborn was diagnosed with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Although, neonate’s mother received HIPEC 19 months prior to conception, association between treatment and congenital malformation could not be established (Ortega-Deballon et al. 2011).
Relation between endothelial nitric oxide synthase genetic polymorphisms and pulmonary arterial hypertension in newborns with congenital heart disease
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2022
Qing-Fan Lin, Jing-Hong Rao, Shi-Mu Luo, Qing-Mu Wang, Li-Feng Deng, Xuan Chen, Chang-Di Chen, You-Fang Chen
Han Chinese newborns from the Obstetrics and Neonatology Department of Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from September 2019 to September 2021 were collected as study subjects: 60 healthy newborns (Control group) and 102 children with left-to-right shunt CHD. Referring to the criteria of the “Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in China” (2021 edition) (13), the CHD group was divided into 52 neonates without PAH [CHD PAH (-)] and 50 neonates with both congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension [CHD PAH (+)]. The inclusion criteria for the CHD PAH (-) group cases were: 1. congenital heart disease with left-to-right shunt confirmed by echocardiography; and 2. normal pulmonary artery pressure indicated by echocardiography. The inclusion criteria for the CHD PAH (+) group cases were: 1. congenital heart disease with left-to-right shunt confirmed by echocardiography; and 2. mean pulmonary artery pressure at rest was ≥ 25 mmHg indicated by echocardiography. Concomitant bronchial dysplasia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and inherited metabolic diseases were excluded. General information of the research subjects was recorded: gender, gestational age, birth height, birth weight, and mode of delivery. The guardians of the subjects gave their informed consent to the study and signed the informed consent form. The study was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Quanzhou Medical College [Quanzhou Medical College Ethics Censorship (2019002)].
A Review of History and Challenges of Evidence-Based Pediatric Surgery
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
George Vaos, Anastasia Dimopoulou, Nick Zavras
In congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), it has been suggested that delayed intervention after cardiorespiratory stability is superior to prompt surgical intervention in the successful management of CDH [38]. Furthermore, there is only one recent systematic review and meta-analysis, based on retrospective studies, comparing the minimally invasive repair with conventional open procedure [39]. The authors found that minimally invasive repair had similar survival rates with the open procedure, but higher recurrence rates and operative times. Although some reports suggested promising results using the fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) procedure in the human, an RCT investigating FETO in severe fetal CDH was not completed because of a higher survival rate in the untreated group [40–43].