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Plant-based Nanomaterials and their Antimicrobial Activity
Published in Mahendra Rai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Eco-Friendly Biobased Products Used in Microbial Diseases, 2022
Mayuri Napagoda, Priyalatha Madhushanthi, Dharani Wanigasekara, Sanjeeva Witharana
Thakur et al. (2019) synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) from Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract and evaluated their antimicrobial properties. The nanoparticles were spherical and 15–50 nm in size. FTIR data revealed the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids and proteins in this extract which were responsible for the stabilization and production of nanoparticles. Antibacterial assays were performed against E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, S. typhi and K. pneumoniae and the lowest MIC value of 10.42 µg/mL was seen against both S. typhi and Escherichia coli (Thakur et al. 2019). Subhapriya and Gothamipriya (2018) conducted experiments to synthesize TiO2NPs using Trigonella foenum-graecum extract and thereafter to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. Resulting TiO2NPs were spherical in shape and 20–90 nm in size. S. aureus, S. faecalis, E. coli, P. vulgaris, E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica, B. subtilis and fungus C. albicans were used in the antibacterial assay. Synthesized nanoparticles inhibited the growth of all above mentioned bacterial species (Subhapriya and Gothamipriya 2018).
Interactions between Oral Bacteria and Antibacterial Polymer-Based Restorative Materials
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Fernando L. Esteban Florez, Sharukh S. Khajotia
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) have also been shown to have significant antimicrobial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms that are relevant for both oral and public health. Due to their abundance, low production costs, biocompatibility, high refractive index, resistance to discoloration, and widespread use, nTiO2 have been incorporated into several products including personal care (cosmetics, sunscreen, pressed powders), food (chewing gums, candies), and health (sunscreen, toothpaste, shampoos, deodorants) products. Weir et al.,[195] while investigating the use of nTiO2 in food and personal care products using Monte Carlo computer modeling, have demonstrated that U.S. adults are typically exposed to 1 mg/kg(body weight) of nTiO2 from food products. Their results have also indicated that children have the highest exposure chances because of the higher nTiO2 content present in sweets and chewing gums.
Safeguarding Musculoskeletal Structures from Food Technology’s Untoward Metabolic Effects
Published in Kohlstadt Ingrid, Cintron Kenneth, Metabolic Therapies in Orthopedics, Second Edition, 2018
The food and cosmetic industries are also engaged in applying nanotechnology. There is specific interest in titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Titanium dioxide whitens various foods, adds texture to yogurt and cosmetics, serves as a mild abrasive and whitener in toothpaste, inhibits the growth of food pathogens, and blocks light especially in the UVB spectrum.
Analysis of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in a short-term dependent manner induced by a new titanium dioxide nanoparticle in murine fibroblast cells
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2022
Matheus Pedrino, Patrícia Brassolatti, Ana Carolina Maragno Fattori, Jaqueline Bianchi, Joice Margareth de Almeida Rodolpho, Krissia Franco de Godoy, Marcelo Assis, Elson Longo, Karina Nogueira Zambone Pinto Rossi, Carlos Speglich, Fernanda de Freitas Anibal
According to the wide array of TiO2 NPs applications in different industry sectors, we evaluated the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of a new titanium dioxide nanoparticle using a fibroblast cells culture (LA-9). Additionally, we investigated oxidative stress unbalance effects and apoptosis induction in the same cell line. This work is the first report seeking to comprehend toxicological aspects and the biological behavior of this new nanoparticle using an in vitro model. Our approach to studying this nanoparticle was based on the interest of the PETROBRAS industry that will apply TiO2 NP in the petroleum extraction process. Thereby, the aim was to understand nanoparticle primer effects upon cytotoxicity until its interference on the intracellular environment triggered by cell uptake followed by ROS production, DNA damage, and apoptosis.
Acute titanium dioxide nanoparticles exposure impaired spatial cognitive performance through neurotoxic and oxidative mechanisms in Wistar rats
Published in Biomarkers, 2021
Rihane Naima, Mrad Imen, Jeljeli Mustapha, Abdelmalek Hafedh, Kacem Kamel, Sakly Mohsen, Amara Salem
The rapid development of nanotechnology has stimulated a large growth in the application of nanoparticles (NPs) for drug delivery systems, cosmetics, sunscreens, antibacterial materials and electronics (Trouiller et al.2009, Shi et al.2013, Lee et al.2019). Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) are in the top five NPs used in consumer products (Shukla et al. 2011). TiO2-NPs are widely used because of their brightness, very high refractive index and photocatalytic properties. More recently, TiO2-NPs have been used in biomaterials because of their high stability as well as their antimicrobial and anticorrosive properties (Desai and Kowshik 2009, Jafari et al.2020). Exposure to NPs can occur through several routes including inhalation, ingestion, dermal penetration or injection. Thereafter, they may be distributed throughout the body through systemic circulation and can affect the physiology of any organs (Shi et al.2013, Shinohara et al.2014, Baranowska-Wojcik et al.2020, Chen et al.2020, Shabbir et al.2021). In human, the daily intake of TiO2 in food was estimated to be around 1–2 mg/kg and this amount increased in children (Weir et al.2012).
Metabolomics screening of serum biomarkers for occupational exposure of titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2021
Zhangjian Chen, Shuo Han, Jiahe Zhang, Pai Zheng, Xiaodong Liu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Guang Jia
In the twenty-first century, nanotechnology has a great impact on human social life and economic development (Li et al. 2018; Cheon, Chan, and Zuhorn 2019; Li et al. 2019; Madsen and Gothelf 2019). With excellent physicochemical properties, nanomaterials have shown a great industrial value in numerous fields, including energy, manufacturing, agriculture, food, medicine, and catalysis (Smith, Simon, and Baker 2013; Fang et al. 2018; Kamali et al. 2019; Lowry, Avellan, and Gilbertson 2019; Mitter and Hussey 2019; Song, Anselmo, and Huang 2019; van der Meel 2020). Titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2 NP) is one of the most widely used nanomaterials and it has been incorporated into various commercial products such as cosmetics, paints, paper and plastics (Wu, Zhou, and Hicks 2019). In 2010, the global production of TiO2 NPs was 54 000 tons, accounting for 0.7% of the total titanium dioxide market, which would increase to 30% by 2020 according to the prediction of Robichaud et al. (2009). With the continuous expansion of nanomaterials production scale, the opportunities of occupational, consumer, and environmental exposure will increase rapidly. Occupational exposure among workers may be more susceptible because they would be exposed to higher concentrations of nanoparticles during manufacturing processes (Castranova, Schulte, and Zumwalde 2013; Liao, Chiang, and Chio 2009; Martin et al. 2015; Di Giampaolo et al. 2019).