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Gloves
Published in Robert N. Phalen, Howard I. Maibach, Protective Gloves for Occupational Use, 2023
Marie-Noëlle Crépy, Pierre Hoerner
Synthetic polyisoprene can be produced chemically, starting from the isoprene monomer, through various polymerization processes (Ziegler Nata, Anionic). Synthetic polyisoprene is a clone of natural rubber. However, synthetic polyisoprenes would never reach the same level of stereospecificity as natural rubber (99% of cis-1,4-polyisoprene); therefore, some properties of the synthetic copy would not be as good as the natural source (crystalline properties), especially in terms of tear resistance, but IR remains perfectly suitable for application in gloves.
Adolescent contraception
Published in Joseph S. Sanfilippo, Eduardo Lara-Torre, Veronica Gomez-Lobo, Sanfilippo's Textbook of Pediatric and Adolescent GynecologySecond Edition, 2019
Hanna Goldberg, Jasmine Multani, Sari Kives
Latex condoms are best for STI protection in comparison with natural materials (such as lamb cecum) and should be recommended for all penetrative sexual activity (i.e., vaginal, anal, and oral) in addition to any other forms of contraception that are used; dental dams should be advised for STI protection in female receptive oral intercourse.8 For individuals who are allergic to latex, nonlatex condoms are now available: polyisoprene, polyurethane, silicone, and lambskin. Polyurethane condoms and other nonlatex condoms have significantly higher failure rates and pregnancy probabilities when compared to their latex counterparts.182,183 They are associated with a significantly increased chance of breakage and slippage as compared to latex condoms, but no difference in typical-use failure rates.184 Polyisoprene condoms are made of synthetic latex and are also safe for those with latex allergies. There are no data of the contraceptive effectiveness; however, they are considered to be comparable to latex condoms due to similar structural makeup.185 Lambskin condom use is contraindicated in those with lanolin sensitivity, and lambskin condoms do not protect against HIV. Polyurethane condoms may be associated with improved sensation for the male partner.178
Other reversible methods *
Published in John Guillebaud, Contraception Today, 2019
These have become both cheaper and more widely available, in some pharmacies as well as on the Internet, and some men report they are less intrusive for coital sensations. They have no latex smell and are intrinsically non-allergenic. Oils do not affect plastic condoms made from polyurethane or the synthetic resin AT10 used in Pasante Unique®. But polyisoprene, used in Durex Latex Free® and Mates Skyn® condoms, is a synthetic latex. With these condoms, oils are still best avoided. Although oils are less damaging to synthetic latex than to ordinary latex, in experiments oils make the condoms stretch, so theoretically more likely to slip off if intercourse is prolonged, though not it seems to rupture.
Phytochemical analysis, in silico study and toxicity profile of Cycas pectinata Buch.-Ham seed in mice
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Chuckles Ch. Marak, Brilliant N. Marak, Ved Prakash Singh, Guruswami Gurusubramanian, Vikas Kumar Roy
The crude product of methanolic extract was also subjected to 1H NMR spectroscopy for structural analysis. It reveals that aromatic protons, carboxylic acids, and aldehydic hydrogens are either absent or present in negligible amounts. The NMR spectrum further indicates the presence of different alkyls, vinyl, alkynes, R–OH, R–NH2, –OCH3, etc. groups. The peaks at δ 0.8–1.45, 1.2–1.47, 1.4–2.69, 3.2–4.8 suggest the presence of –CH3, –CH2-, –C = C–CH3, –OCH3 type hydrogens. Moreover, the presence of peaks at δ 1.4–2.69 and 4.2–5.3 which corresponds to –C = C–CH3 and –C = CH–, respectively, indicates the presence of polyisoprene groups. The peaks at δ 1.0–5.2 also correspond to the presence of R-OH and R-NH2 hydrogens.
Personal protective equipment during COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review on technical aspects
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Sai Saran, Mohan Gurjar, Arvind Kumar Baronia, Ayush Lohiya, Afzal Azim, Banani Poddar, Namrata S. Rao
Nonpowdered gloves are preferred to powdered gloves and the use of double gloves is encouraged [16,17]. Appropriate materials for manufacturing gloves includes polyisoprene, polychloroprene, nitrile, natural rubber latex, or neoprene. The standards that need to be adhered to include the ASTM D6319-19 standard for nitrile examination gloves, ASTM D3578-19 for rubber examination gloves, and ASTM D5250-19 for polyvinyl chloride gloves. EN 374 certification on the gloves ensuring minimum level 2 protections (a glove which resists penetration to air and water, passing both air leak and water leak tests) are considered to be micro-organism resistant [57]. The updated ISO 374–5:2016 standard has introduced standards offering protection against micro-organisms, viruses in addition to fungi and bacteria, and further testing to ISO 16604 clothings for protection, against contact with blood and body fluids, is now required [16].
An overview of properties of Amphora (Acidform) contraceptive vaginal gel
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2018
In addition, Amphora contains the following inactive ingredients: benzoic acid (preservative), alginic acid and xanthan gum (polymer thickeners), glycerin(a humectant), sodium hydroxide, and water [47]. All these ingredients except one are generally regarded as safe by the FDA; the one exception is currently used in the market as a vaginal formulation [42]. All of these ingredients are water soluble and acid stable; none is cytotoxic. Amphora gel has a pH of 3.55 [46]. It maintains its viscosity when it is mixed with semen. These features make Amphora’s use compatible with other barrier contraceptives, such as external (male) condoms made of latex, polyurethane or polyisoprene, internal (female) condoms, diaphragms and cervical caps. Amphora is also compatible with other commonly used vaginal medications.