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Photothermal Lasers
Published in Anita Prasad, Laser Techniques in Ophthalmology, 2022
All forms of retinopexy are effective, but laser photocoagulation and diathermy are preferable for a rapid bond development. Laser photocoagulation produces bonds approaching normal strength within 24 hours, from local effects such as fibrin formation, and double the normal strength by 2–3 weeks after photocoagulation. Cryotherapy weakens adhesion in the first week (due to inflammation and oedema), after which adhesive force rises to the same levels as other forms of retinopexy, and is preferred for more anterior lesions.
Antiangiogenic gene therapy: prospects for human application
Published in A Peyman MD Gholam, A Meffert MD Stephen, D Conway MD FACS Mandi, Chiasson Trisha, Vitreoretinal Surgical Techniques, 2019
Mori Keisuke, Gehlbach Peter L
Retinal neovascularization occurs as a final common pathway to vision loss across the spectrum of retinal pathology that falls under the heading of ischemic retinopathy; ocular conditions in this group include diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, retinal artery occlusion, and retinopathy of prematurity. Currently, scatter laser photo-coagulation is often used to prevent severe vision loss associated with retinal neovascularization. When administered in a timely fashion, laser photocoagulation can be an effective therapy. However, in the setting of vitreous hemorrhage or other visual axis opacity, it can be difficult to deliver adequate therapy. Moreover, in patients with very severe ischemia, scatter laser photocoagulation may be insufficient therapy. Current clinical outcomes indicate that there remains room for additional or alternative treatment strategies directed at controlling angiogenic stimuli, as well as the molecular signals that lead to macular edema.
Sclerotherapy Of Esophageal Varices
Published in John P. Papp, Endoscopie Control of Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, 2019
Laser photocoagulation is a powerful method in treating gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Kiefhaber64 effectively controlled more than 90% of variceal bleedings by means of a high-power Neodymium-Yag laser device. Argon lasers are not suitable to the management of such massive hemorrhage because of insufficient energy emission. As the effect of laser treatment is restricted to the coagulated bleeding site, recurrence of hemorrhage is inevitable when no other definitive treatment is initiated.
Congenital Laser-Induced Burns: A Potential Complication after Laser Photocoagulation in Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2019
María Soriano-Ramos, Elena Bergón-Sendín, María Teresa Moral-Pumarega, Carmen Rosa Pallás-Alonso
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), which affects 10% of monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies, results in high perinatal morbidity and mortality [1]. Current therapies for TTTS include serial amnioreduction, amniotic septostomy, and fetoscopic approaches. Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation ablates superficial anastomosing vessels on the surface of the placenta, which should reduce the unbalanced twin–twin transfusion. Retrospective studies have noted that laser photocoagulation resulted in high survival rates and low rates of neurological complications [1]; however, skin-related complications may also occur but are not commonly reported. We report a case of TTTS treated with laser photocoagulation at 16 weeks’ gestation. Surviving twin was delivered at 31 weeks’ gestation and found to have congenital skin lesions on both legs which were congruent with laser-induced burns.
Retinal Vascular Caliber Changes After Topical Nepafenac Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema
Published in Current Eye Research, 2018
Ferhat Evliyaoğlu, Çetin Akpolat, Muhammed Mustafa Kurt, Osman Çekiç, Mustafa Nuri Elçioğlu
The first step in managing diabetic retinopathy is to reduce the risk of its development and progression by controlling the underlying risk factors, namely hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.3 Laser photocoagulation has long been the primary method of treatment for patients with diabetic retinopathy, but, unfortunately, it is not always effective for improving vision. The procedure is uncomfortable and repeated treatments are often required. Moreover, laser photocoagulation is an ablative procedure destroying retinal tissue and the resulting scars always enlarge over time, leading to a decrease in night vision, color vision, and peripheral vision, as well as the loss of one or two lines of visual acuity in some patients.4 Besides photocoagulation, pharmacotherapy has recently been considered as a first-line therapeutic option in diabetic retinopathy. Pharmacotherapy mainly consists of corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGFs).5
Intravitreal Bevacizumab and Ranibizumab in the Treatment of Acute Central Serous Chorioretihopathy: A Single Center Retrospective Study
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2018
Kemal Tekin, Mehmet Ali Sekeroglu, Ali Bulent Cankaya, Mehmet Yasin Teke, Sibel Doguizi, Pelin Yilmazbas
The treatment of CSC is based largely on uncontrolled observations. In most cases, SRF resolves and visual acuity returns to baseline within three months without any specific treatment. Therefore, most clinicians prefer to observe these patients before considering any treatment options for three months because most cases recover spontaneously.7–9 This means that these patients will have blurred vision, metamorphopsia, dyschromotopsia, and central scotoma, in addition to loss of contrast sensitivity and increasing hyperopic refraction, until spontaneous resolution occurs. Also, 5% of all CSC patients experience permanent visual loss.17 On the other hand, a potential benefit for early resolution of SRF may be mediated by a lower rate of RPE degeneration in the treated eye, which also may be warranted because of an uncertain relationship between the onset of detachment and the onset of symptoms and special occupational demands for binocular visual function.18 This has motivated clinicians to search for more effective and safe treatment alternatives when compared to laser photocoagulation or photodynamic therapy.