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Surgery for Childhood Hearing Loss
Published in Raymond W Clarke, Diseases of the Ear, Nose & Throat in Children, 2023
Cochlear implantation has revolutionised the treatment of severe and profound hearing loss in children. The cochlear implant (CI) is an implantable device that electrically stimulates the cochlear spiral ganglion cells when the hair cells are not functioning effectively, such that neural impulses are transmitted along the auditory nerve to the cortex where they are processed to produce awareness of sound including speech intelligibility. The components of a CI are shown in Figure 12.5. There is an external device (processor) consisting of a microphone, speech processor and transmitter coil. The internal component is made up of a receiver/stimulator which picks up the signal from the processor and generates electrical impulses which are then delivered via an electrode array to the auditory nerve.
History Stations
Published in Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Livy Kenyon, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, ENT OSCEs, 2023
Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Livy Kenyon, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar
Children with bilateral severe to profound SNHL may be considered for cochlear implantation. Current NICE guidelines recommend consideration of cochlear implantation for people with thresholds of an average of >80 dB in the better ear at two frequencies between 0.5 and 4 kHz who receive inadequate benefit from hearing aids. For children, adequate benefit is defined as speech, language and listening skills that are appropriate for age, cognitive and developmental stage. The NICE guidance for suitability of cochlear implantation is due to be updated in 2022.
Solutions for Partial Deafness
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Henryk Skarzynski, Piotr Henryk Skarzynski
Conducted the first operation with PTD-ENS was the milestone in world science. It was a new point of view in treatment people about 70 years old whose have a hearing loss above 1500 Hz. Elderly people may feel difficulties with speech understanding which can lead to isolation and development of mental problems such as depressive symptoms, higher level of anxiety, feeling lonely. Furthermore, the results of study conducted by Ciesla et al. (2016) shows that this group of patients declared higher level of depression and anxiety. Quality of life was assessed to using questionnaire methods indicated decrease health-related quality of life. The study by Kobosko et al. (2017) demonstrated that subjective and objective assessment of benefits after cochlear implantation in group of patients with partial deafness may be different. Authors indicate clinical professionals should precisely analyze differences in subjective and objective results. The basis of nonconsistent can be determined by psychological factors. It is important to assess patient’s motivation which effect on attending in rehabilitation process.
Psychometric properties for the Norwegian translations of two revised APHAB-subscales and an adapted IOI-HA (IOI-CI) in patients with cochlear implants
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2022
Peder O. Laugen Heggdal, Mathias H. Næss, Jeanette Hess-Erga, Kristina S. Larsen, Hans Jørgen Aarstad
Cochlear implantation has become an established and reliable intervention for patients with severe to profound hearing impairment that conventional hearing aids do not compensate for (Ketterer et al. 2018). It is important to investigate patients’ self-assessment of CI comfort and performance (Forli et al. 2017). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) are intended for patients to report their functional status, satisfaction, quality of life (QoL) and well-being. Among other things, listening effort, sound localisation and speech perception in quiet and in noise are relevant elements of such assessments. Data from questionnaires can be of use when fine-tuning a patient’s listening device and when assessing the need for further or alternative rehabilitative measures (Hughes et al. 2017).
Outcome of cochlear implantation in the worse ear of post-lingual asymmetric hearing loss: elucidation of prognostic markers
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Sang-Youp Lee, Goun Choe, Sang-Yeon Lee, Namju Justin Kim, Marge Carandang, Seung Ha Oh, Jun Ho Lee, Byung Yoon Choi
Table 1 shows the demographic data of subjects who were included in this study. Eight males and ten females were included in our cohort. The average age of cochlear implantation was 59 years. The average threshold of the worse ear was 109 dB HL (91 ∼ 120 dB HL), and that of the better ear was 73 dB HL (49 ∼ 88 dB HL). In addition, the average aided threshold of the better ear was 50 dB HL (38 ∼ 63 dB HL). The average hearing asymmetry between the worse and better ear was 35 dB (14 ∼ 58 dB). Specifically, 14 out of 18 subjects had average hearing threshold of the better ear fall within the ‘severe’ range, while the other four subjects had ‘moderate’ or ‘moderately severe’ average hearing threshold on the better ear. The average total sound deprivation duration in the worse ear was 7.3 years at least, but it may have been longer because we estimated the duration by the first audiogram in five subjects. Their average severe hearing loss duration in the better ear was 0.6 years, although only one subject whose severe hearing loss duration was longer than one year. This indicates that the individual period of sound deprivation was minimal.
Pediatric cochlear implantation: A quarter century in review
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2019
Holly F.B. Teagle, Lisa R. Park, Kevin D. Brown, Carlton Zdanski, Harold C. Pillsbury
Cochlear implantation has become the standard of care for children who are born with or acquire significant hearing loss and receive limited benefit from hearing aids. In the relatively short history of the field, technology and evolving clinical practices have transformed the lives of thousands of children. Over the past 30 years, the knowledge base related to pediatric cochlear implantation has grown in breadth and depth. In the US, the first multi-channel cochlear implants (CI) for children were introduced via Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clinical trials in 1987. Pediatric cochlear implant use has expanded considerably since then, and clinical centers around the world have explored this treatment and its impact on children with a broad range of characteristics and histories (for review see Eisenberg, 2017). Cochlear implant clinical outcomes and related research have enabled insight into our understanding of the development of childhood neurocognitive processes, such as executive function (Beer, Kronenberger & Pisoni, 2011), and theory of mind (Macaulay & Ford, 2006). Further, findings have supplemented our understanding of the development of sensory systems and how restored sensory deprivation impacts many aspects of human development (Sharma, Nash & Dorman, 2009; Lazard, et.al, 2012; Kral & Sharma, 2012; Stropahl, Chen & Debener, 2017).