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Abrasive Flow Finishing
Published in S Santhosh Kumar, Somashekhar S. Hiremath, Role of Surface Modification on Bacterial Adhesion of Bio-Implant Materials, 2020
S Santhosh Kumar, Somashekhar S. Hiremath
Kar et al. (2009a) developed and studied the performance of five different types of polymers-based abrasive media: (a) natural rubber, (b) ethylene propylene diene monomer, (c) butyl rubber, (d) silicone rubber, and (e) styrene butadiene rubber mixed with SiC abrasive particles. Out of five media styrene butadiene, rubber-based media shows better performance in terms of viscosity, thermal stability, and finishing of work surfaces. They have conducted a study on commercial media and found a composition of 66% abrasives, 34% carrier, and other ingredients in the commercial media using thermogravimetric analysis. Kar et al. (2009b) used two different rubbers for media development – (a) natural rubber + SiC abrasive particles and (b) butyl rubber + SiC abrasive particles with naphthenic oil as processing oil. The rheological properties of the media and the effect of these media on the finishing process were studied. Based on the experiments conducted, Butyl rubber-based abrasive media had shown good performance compared to natural rubber-based media. Sankar et al. (2011) developed styrene-butadiene-based media to finish the aluminium-based metal matrix composites. They have also investigated the effect of rheological properties of abrasive media on the finishing and the obtained results are explained with respect to the media properties.
Terpenes and Terpenoids
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
The majority of isoprene produced commercially is used to make synthetic rubber (cis-polyisoprene), most of which is used to produce vehicle tires. The second and third largest uses are in the production of styrene–isoprene–styrene block polymers and butyl rubber (isobutane–isoprene copolymer).18
Published in Ronald M. Atlas, James W. Snyder, Handbook Of Media for Clinical Microbiology, 2006
Ronald M. Atlas, James W. Snyder
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except L-cysteine·HCl·H2O, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gas the solution with 100% CO2 for 10-15 min. Add the L-cysteine·HCl·H2O. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 8.4. Anaerobically distribute into tubes under 100% N2. Cap tubes with butyl rubber stoppers. Autoclave for 15 min at 0 psi pressure-100°C on three consecutive days.
Intestinal microbial communities and Holdemanella isolated from HIV+/− men who have sex with men increase frequencies of lamina propria CCR5+ CD4+ T cells
Published in Gut Microbes, 2021
Eiko Yamada, Casey G. Martin, Nancy Moreno-Huizar, Jennifer Fouquier, C. Preston Neff, Sara L. Coleman, Jennifer M. Schneider, Jonathan Huber, Nichole M. Nusbacher, Martin McCarter, Thomas B. Campbell, Catherine A. Lozupone, Brent E. Palmer
Bacterial lysates for the type strain of H. biformis (ATCC 27806) and B. uniformis (ATCC 8492) were purchased from the ATCC. Two more Holdemanella strains were isolated from stools from our subjects as described above. These were incubated anaerobically in Balch-type tubes with butyl rubber stoppers at 37°C until stationary phase. When robust culture growth was observed (typically after 18–36 hours depending on the bacteria), liquid cultures were centrifuged at 2500 rpm for 10 minutes. Supernatant was removed and the pellet was resuspended in PBS and frozen at −80°C. Resuspended bacteria were subjected to freeze/thaw and heat-killed for 1 hour at 75°C before being used in immune stimulations. The lysates were then quantified using a BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Scientific), then adjusted to 700 μg/ml and stored at −80°C.
Research on the relationship between cephalosporin structure, solution clarity, and rubber closure compatibility using volatile components profile of butyl rubber closures
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Xiao-Meng Chong, Xin Dong, Shang-Chen Yao, Chang-Qin Hu
Ten different types of butyl rubber closures, including chlorobutyl rubber closures (uncoated and coated with tetrafluoroethylene, copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene, copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene) and bromobutyl rubber closures, were obtained from seven different manufacturers, covering the main brands of rubber closures in China.