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Conjugated Graphene Gold Nanocomposites for Cancer Therapy
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Zaira Zaman Chowdhury, Abu Nasser Faisal, Shahjalal Mohammad Shibly, Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Jeyabalan Sangeetha
Although the observations from the clinical sector remain unexplored, the biosensing therapeutic arena is advancing (Li and Liu 2017). Numerous recent investigations have described the use of Gr–AuNPs based biosensors using human-derived materials (Feng et al. 2011). Additionally, a Gr–AuNPs sensor coupled with antibodies was used to precisely detect tumour cells in blood samples from patients having pancreatic, breast, and lung cancer (Yoon et al. 2013). These findings indicate that this type of biosensor has enormous potential for clinical uses, with particular emphasis on the sample type and empirical protocol assessment and validation (Shervedani and Amini 2014).
Bio-Implants Derived from Biocompatible and Biodegradable Biopolymeric Materials
Published in P. Mereena Luke, K. R. Dhanya, Didier Rouxel, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas, Advanced Studies in Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2021
This is of very much important to have an in depth understanding of surface/interface characteristics of polymeric biomaterials and precise details of the interaction between their surface and biological entity. This is highly relevant for their successful and safe performance in various applications including biosensing, diagnostics, and medical devices. People are looking for the development of versatile, convenient, and more economical for providing resistant to the surface from fouling by proteins, cells, and microorganisms.
West Nile Virus: The Silent Neuro-Invasive Terror
Published in Jagriti Narang, Manika Khanuja, Small Bite, Big Threat, 2020
Vinod Joshi, Annette Angel, Bennet Angel, Neelam Yadav, Jagriti Narang, Surender Yadav
Future research should be focused on developing updated nano-based technologies such as designing biosensing devices. Biosensing methods can overcome all the aforementioned limitations of conventional and molecular techniques because biosensor-based technologies are rapid, easy, and cost effective in detection than conventional and molecular methods (Cosnier et al., 2006). For instance, Cosnier et al. (2006) have constructed an electrochemical enzymatic polypyrrole integrated sensor for the detection of WNV. The WNV-specific IgG antibodies have been isolated by developing an amperometric immunosensor (Ionescu et al., 2007). Zhang et al. (2011) have detected WNV using surface-enhanced Raman scattering integrated with Raman active gold nanoparticles. Channon et al. (2018) have developed an electrochemical paper device for the detection of WNV.
Diagnostic accuracy of clinically applied nanoparticle-based biosensors at detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA and surface proteins in pharyngeal swabs compared to RT-PCR as a reference test
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2022
Milad Shirvaliloo, Roghayeh Sheervalilou, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Saeid Safiri, Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
In short, a biosensor is a device consisting of bioreceptors (e.g. antibody, DNA, protein receptors, etc.) and transducers, and is considered the backbone of biosensing platforms that are commonly used for detection of various molecules such as infective agents and disease-specific biomarkers. The transducer is an integrated part of any biosensor and is responsible for converting a biological response; for instance, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 particles in a patient sample, to electrical, optical, fluorescent or any other type of signal that can be measured visually. Nanobiosensors or nanosensors are, in effect, biosensors with integrated nanomaterials. These nanomaterials include a very extensive range of nanocomposites like nanotubes (NTs), nanorods (NRs), nanowires (NWs) and nanoparticles (NPs), the latter of which have garnered widespread attention, owing to their high carrier capacity and stability [4].
Point of care molecular and antigen detection tests for COVID-19: current status and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2022
William Stokes, Byron M. Berenger, Allison A. Venner, Vincent Deslandes, Julie L. V. Shaw
The general class of technology known as ‘biosensors’ show promise to meet these parameters. Biosensors measure the presence of an analyte using biosensing elements, such as an antibody, enzyme, or nucleic acid, and a transducer that measures the interaction and converts it into an electrical signal. Biosensors can be labeled (e.g. fluorescence, enzymes, or magnetic beads) or label free (e.g. surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, optical, and field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors). Advances in microfluidics, ability to print biosensors on paper, and nanotechnology have all made biosensors, especially electrochemical biosensors, a potential POCT candidate due to decreased costs, enhanced sensitivity, and potential for a quantified read out [102]. Interestingly, electrochemical biosensors can be the same size or smaller than the current RAT and can connect to a mobile device.
Biosensors for the detection of mycotoxins
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2022
Akansha Shrivastava, Rakesh Kumar Sharma
Mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites of fungal pathogens of major crops and their significant natural occurrence can be dangerous for human health. They represent a diverse range of chemical structures. Most of the research has been focused on some major toxins including aflatoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, ZEN, ochratoxin A, and patulin. Some mycotoxin group contains structurally related analogs. Overall, a suitable combination of biosensing element, bio-fabrication, and the best compatible transducers, e.g. electrochemical, optic, bio-electronic, or a combination of all these will be the solution for the successful development of efficient and robust biosensors. Many of the biosensors developed to date can detect profusely few or particular toxins but the future trend is the development of multiplexed biosensing based mycotoxin detection.