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BioMEMS Devices for Tissue Engineering
Published in Naznin Sultana, Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh, Chin Fhong Soon, Tissue Engineering Strategies for Organ Regeneration, 2020
BioMEMS devices have been proposed to mimic the mechanical and biochemical microenvironment of tissues and organs for drug discovery and toxicity screening. Huh et al. described a biomimetic microsystem that reconstitutes the critical functional alveolar-capillary interface of the human lung (Huh et al. 2010). The micro-device was developed by micro-fabricating a microfluidic system containing two closely apposed micro-channels separated by thin (10 μm), porous, flexible membrane made of poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) (Fig. 6.2). Human alveolar epithelial cells and human pulmonary micro-vascular endothelial cells were cultured on opposite sides of the intervening membrane coated with ECM. After the cells were grown to confluence, air was pumped into the epithelial compartment to create an air-liquid interface and more precisely mimic the lining of the alveolar air space. The artificial lung micro-device prepared by soft lithography is able to reproduce complex integrated organ-level responses to bacteria and inflammatory cytokines introduced into the alveolar space.
Emerging technologies for combating pandemics
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Edward Weaver, Shahid Uddin, Dimitrios A. Lamprou
Microelectricalmechanical systems (MEMS) can be incorporated into a variety of devices with the assistance of AM, to achieve a multifunctional drug delivery system (DDS), to act for a specifically required role. This has been achieved in multiple cases, although some of the most pertinent examples for the treatment of pandemic related illnesses would relate to drug-eluted implantable devices fitted with BioMEMS to provide a comprehensive detection and treatment plan [32]. The mechanical resonance of the MEMS is altered upon contact with a specifically predetermined protein/antibody, allowing for an automatically generated response [10]. BioMEMS have been integrated within personal protective equipment (PPE), to allow for the early detection of viral droplets [33], providing near instantaneous feedback to the wearer about recent contact with the disease. This would allow areas to be promptly sterilized and subsequently quarantined, without the need for further analysis, reducing the spread of a pandemic. Compatibility of BioMEMS with smart devices, e.g. smartphones also enables the emergence of a personalized technology [34].