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Bio-Implants Derived from Biocompatible and Biodegradable Biopolymeric Materials
Published in P. Mereena Luke, K. R. Dhanya, Didier Rouxel, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas, Advanced Studies in Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2021
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin can be used in FDM printers and personal desktop printers with ABS but now shifted to PLA due to its bio-compostability, pleasant smell as well as low shrinkage and good printability. PLA based materials used in FDM printers are not perfect. Printing fine details could be very much challenging due to melting and flowing is affected by temperature and viscosity of the melt. PLA based materials has the drawback as it weak in temperature resistance, which can cause deformation of printed objects under elevated temperatures may be during storage and shipping or usage.
Antibody-Based Therapies
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
There are presently a large number of single Abs approved for use in the oncology area, and other areas such as rheumatology. Many others are in development at the time of writing. Table 7.1 summarizes the most important naked Abs presently approved for clinical use, and some of these are described in more detail in the sections below.
Supervising the Pregnant Art Therapist
Published in Nora Swan-Foster, Art Therapy and Childbearing Issues, 2020
Art-based supervision (ABS) approaches have been increasingly recognized for their utility in increasing supervisee reflectivity and learning towards the goal of effective clinical practice. Although ABS methods have been less prominent in counseling and psychotherapy generally, within the profession of art therapy, ABS approaches have a long and rich history (see Fish, 2017 for a comprehensive review). Deaver and Shiflett (2011) posited ABS as inherently reflective, delineating three main areas around which ABS should occur: (a) case conceptualization, (b) processing of transference and countertransference, and (c) developing the supervisor–supervisee relationship. Additionally, both Fish (2017) and Miller and Robb (2017) regarded personal and professional growth and identity development dimensions as squarely within the scope of important reflective emphases that might be addressed using ABS methods.
Antibody engineering and its therapeutic applications
Published in International Reviews of Immunology, 2023
Divya Kandari, Rakesh Bhatnagar
Abs are the armory of research and development and, their most valued application is in the field of therapeutics and diagnostics. Numerous advancements in AET constantly fuel the progress of therapeutic Abs. In this review, we have discussed many Ab development platforms that facilitate their applications to humans. Human Ab generation is a cornerstone of Ab therapeutics, and two strategies employed to achieve this include the use of transgenic animals with human Ab-encoding genes and phage/any other display mode, Ab library constructed using human Ab repertoire. Transgenic Ab development platform, with its rapid advancement, can deliver high-quality human therapeutic mAbs to the market. However, challenges to obtain Abs against the “extremely conserved” Ags between humans and the transgenic host species persist. Single B cell technology is another attractive platform developed a few years back seeming to be quite promising in future, but the Abs developed through this technology are yet to reach the markets. Ab-based therapeutics have achieved great successes owing to their unique properties, thus serving as the crucial agents for life-threatening conditions such as cancer or infectious diseases.
Manufacturing an assistive device with 3D printing technology – a case report
Published in Assistive Technology, 2022
Yusuf Islam Degerli, Feridun Dogu, Cigdem Oksuz
The designed 3D printed assistive device was printed with a public 3D printer (3dplus i6 s Line, Turkey). Blender 2.79b version with 3D printer connection was provided. The settings for printing were adjusted, such as layer thickness, honeycomb infill (20% infill) and print speed, among others, and then the pieces were sliced by the software in 2D layers. An acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filament of 1.75 mm diameter (Shenzhen Esun Industrial Co. Ltd., China) which is flexible and has low brittleness was used as printing material. Printing was completed in 1 hour and 40 minutes. The writing device was 36 g. After printing, defects such as sharpness were observed in the mold area. These defects were identified and corrected by the occupational therapist with a heat gun. Metric 6-level screw slot was opened for the tool-set screw clamping tool. Velcro has been added to prevent the device from slipping during use. With this tool, it is possible to use all 6 to 13-mm diameter pens/pencils (Figure 3).
Human-likeness of antibody biologics determined by back-translation and comparison with large antibody variable gene repertoires
Published in mAbs, 2020
Samuel Schmitz, Cinque Soto, James E. Crowe, Jens Meiler
We used 475 unique Abs that are either approved by the U.S. FDA or are in clinical trials.47,48 All biologics were either annotated with the INN designations49 HU, ZU, XI, and XIZU as reported by Jain et al.47 or annotated with Human, Humanized, Chimeric, and Mouse in case of antibodies taken from IMGT/mAb-DB.48 For this study, we chose appropriate labels for HU (Human), ZU (Humanized), XI (Chimeric), and XIZU (Humanized Chimeric Hybrid) to match the designations used in IMGT/mAb-DB. The sequences were treated the same way independent from its labeling in the algorithm. We investigated the Ab sequences in the context of our three individual immunome repertoires and in the context of one large merged repertoire. For Z-Score calculation, mean and standard deviation (σ) from GenBank sequences (Figure 2b) were used (Equation 2).