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Evaluation and management of syncope and related disorders in the elderly
Published in Wilbert S. Aronow, Jerome L. Fleg, Michael W. Rich, Tresch and Aronow’s Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly, 2019
Andrea Ungar, Martina Rafanelli, Michele Brignole
Postural BP decreases could cause a falling event. It has been suggested that 2%–10% of falls in older adults may occur secondary to impaired orthostatic hemodynamic responses, and loss of consciousness is estimated to result in as many as 10% of falls (108). In many cases, loss of consciousness may not occur, but increased fall susceptibility remains through presyncope and associated physiological impairments (8). Results from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) (109), proved that, with the exception of initial OH, beat-to-beat measures of impaired orthostatic BP recovery or sustained OH are independent risk factors for future falls, unexplained falls, and injurious falls. Finally, the presence of comorbidities could worsen the prognosis, as older adults with Parkinson’s disease or diabetes mellitus and OH have poorer balance scores in comparison to those without OH (110,111). Poor balance is a known risk factor for falls, and may increase this risk threefold (97).
Current research themes on aging and adaptation
Published in Peter G. Coleman, Ann O’Hanlon, Aging and Development, 2017
Peter G. Coleman, Ann O’Hanlon
A recent longitudinal study in Ireland sought to examine the association between negative attitudes or self-perceptions of aging and persistent depression and anxiety at two-year follow-up (Freeman et al., 2016). Data from two waves of The Irish Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TILDA) were used. Participants were community-based Irish adults aged 50-plus years (n = 6,095). The Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ, Sexton et al., 2014) was used to measure attitudes to aging, while depression and anxiety were measured respectively by the twenty-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (Radloff, 1977) and the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983). Consistent with other studies (e.g. Wurm and Benyamini, 2014; Levy et al., 2014) this study showed that more negative perceptions at baseline were predictive of both onset and persistence of depression and anxiety at two-year follow-up. These associations remained even when adjusting for other possible confounds or explanations, including demographic factors, and number of medical conditions. Additionally, no significant interactions were found by age group, suggesting that the relationship between negative perceptions of aging and mental health was consistent across age groups.
Depression and loneliness may have a direct connection without mediating factors
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2021
Siiri-Liisi Kraav, Soili M. Lehto, Niina Junttila, Anu Ruusunen, Jussi Kauhanen, Sari Hantunen, Tommi Tolmunen
Loneliness has been described as dissatisfaction with the discrepancy between desired and actual social relationships [1,2]. According to previous studies, loneliness is associated with negative health behavior [3], various health problems and physiological changes [4], and a lower socioeconomic status [5]. A connection between loneliness and depression was already suggested in the 1980s [6]. However, to date, most studies on the relationship between depression and loneliness have been cross-sectional and have used depressive symptoms as an outcome variable. Longitudinal studies in general populations have mostly used symptoms, while diagnosis studies have usually involved samples of depressed patients. So far, few studies (see Chicago Health, Aging and Social Relations Study [7], The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) [8], NEIL Memory Research Unit [9]) have focused prospectively on the connection between loneliness and depression in a general population while using depression diagnosis as an outcome. In these studies, the follow-up time has been rather short, ranging from two to six years. In conclusion, despite a wide range of studies concerning the association between depression and loneliness, there is lack of longitudinal studies in general populations with depression diagnosis as an outcome.
Transcranial direct current stimulation in the modulation of neuropathic pain: a systematic review
Published in Neurological Research, 2018
Mírian Celly Medeiros Miranda David, Alexa Alves de Moraes, Maíra Lopes da Costa, Carlúcia Ithamar Fernandes Franco
Alexa Alves de Moraes is a physiotherapy student of the Paraiba State University. Currently, she is research director of the Academic League of Neurosciences and Behavior of UEPB (LANC-UEPB), and conducts a research on Mutagenic Potential Assessment of Partial Sciatic Nerve Compression Injury and collaborates in The Intellectual Disability Supplement of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA) at Trinity College Dublin. She is interested in Peripheral Neurorregeneration, Peripheral Nerve Injury, Morphological Assessment and Intellectual Deficiency.
Factors associated with breast cancer mammography screening and breast self-examination in Irish women: results from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2022
The purpose of this current study is to investigate factors associated with attending mammogram screening and practicing BSE. This is justified as current knowledge of these factors is required to design and initiate health promotion strategies for the future and to eliminate current barriers to screening services. The factors available to analyse within this study include all those accounted for in the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). This is to ensure a broad scope of potential factors which may impact mammography screening and self-examination.