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Weight and health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Researchers at University College London carried out a study of 5,056 older adults as part of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. They concluded that about 40% of the negative psychological effects associated with obesity can be attributed to feelings of weight discrimination (Jackson et al., 2015).
Is work good or bad for health?
Published in Simon Biggs, Negotiating Ageing, 2017
This debate on the positive value of work, as contrasted to the option of a reasonably resourced retirement, has still to encounter a persistent yet puzzling finding: that life satisfaction across the lifecourse follows a ‘U’ shape for both women and men. In other words things begin well, go into a dive through to the middle years, and begin to rise again between the ages of 55 and 75. Blanchflower and Oswald (2008) maintain that a U-shape in age is found in separate well-being regression equations across 72 developed and developing nations. More recently, it has been observed in the Australian Institute for Family Studies’ longitudinal survey data (Qu & de Vaus, 2015) and in the English Longitudinal Study on Ageing (Steptoe, Deaton & Stone, 2015), which concludes: ‘These findings suggest that older populations, although less healthy and less productive in general, may be more satisfied with their lives, and experience less stress, worry, and anger than do middle-aged people” (2015: 4).
Epidemiology and Aging
Published in Rachael E. Docking, Jennifer Stock, International Handbook of Positive Aging, 2017
The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) (ELSA, 2011) is an epidemiological study covering health, employment and financial status, access to support services and participation in wider society, amongst other issues. There is an interview by a trained researcher and a subsequent visit by a nurse where data such as height, weight, blood pressure and prescription drug use is collected. Participants for ELSA were recruited from a representative sample of the population aged 50 and older. Wave 1 consisted of a sample of 11,050 respondents and commenced in March 2002. The participants were originally drawn from the Health Survey of England (HSE) (UK Data Service, 2014). However the HSE concentrates on individuals living in private households and from Wave 3 onwards participants were recruited from residential care homes or similar institutions. The latest data collection (Wave 6) took place from June 2012 to June 2013.
Association between physical and mental health variables among software professionals working at home: a secondary analysis
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Prabhu Muniswamy, Irene Grace Peter, Varadayini Gorhe, Baskaran Chandrasekaran
We found a direct association between the total sitting time and an inverse association between number/duration of PA and interruption bouts in SB with the mental health variables, especially stress and anxiety. Our study findings concur with the recent systematic review by Wolf et al. [25] which reviewed 21 observational studies and concluded that higher PA is associated with 12–32% reduced depression and 15–34% reduced anxiety. We also agree with the recent mediation analytical findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Bidirectional association was known to exist (8–10%) between physical health and the mental health [26]. Although Ohrnberger et al. [26] considered diet and self-reported physical health as the main contributing factors for increased stress and anxiety, PA, SB and sleep were not considered. Empirical evidence now claims SB such as excessive sitting at work to be adversely associated with psychological distress [27] and depression [28]. Breaking up prolonged sitting may have positive effects on cognitive and mental health in office workers [11,29]. Additionally, we found a significant positive association between leisure and work time sitting with anxiety, which concurs with the findings of a recent cross-sectional study from the Swedish Health Profile Institute [30]. The adverse effects on mental health variables (stress, anxiety and depression) during WFH could be mitigated by PA through possible physiological mechanisms: regulation of neurohormonal control (cortisol and brain-derived neurotrophic factors), cerebral glucose levels and cerebral blood flow [11].
Social exclusion experienced by older adults: factors for designing healthcare settings in Taipei, Taiwan
Published in Social Work in Health Care, 2019
The Social Inclusion/Exclusion Scale was adapted from the seven aspects of a study called the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) (Social Exclusion Unit, 2006). The seven concepts included: 1) cultural and social inclusion (exclusion) (Cronbach’s α = .70), 2) inclusion (exclusion) of public affairs (Cronbach’s α = .65), 3) inclusion (exclusion) of material resources (Cronbach’s α = .52), 4) community space and neighborhood friendship inclusion (exclusion) (Cronbach’s α = .79), 5) financial management and financial information inclusion (exclusion) (Cronbach’s α = .80), 6) services use inclusion (exclusion) (Cronbach’s α = .89), and 7) the inclusion (exclusion) of social relationships (Cronbach’s α = .91) (Chang & Yang, 1999; Lubben et al., 2006; Ogg, 2005; Walker & Hiller, 2007). The survey included 80 four-point Likert-type scale items with scores ranging from 1 to 4 (Strongly disagree = 1, Disagree = 2, Agree = 3, Strongly agree = 4). Some items on this scale include: “I go to movie theatres often,” “I volunteer often,” and “I don’t feel isolated from the members in the institute.”
Forty years on: a new national study of hearing in England and implications for global hearing health policy
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2023
Dialechti Tsimpida, Maria Panagioti, Evangelos Kontopantelis
We utilised data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). The ELSA is a large, population-based, prospective cohort study that collects data from a nationally representative sample of people aged 50 and over who live in private households (Steptoe et al. 2013; Zaninotto and Steptoe 2019). The study is funded by a consortium of UK government Departments (Department for Health and Social Care; Department for Transport; Department for Work and Pensions), coordinated by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), and the United States National Institute on Ageing.