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Reproductive system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
HyCoSy is used in many women at the early stage of infertility investigations to demonstrate the appearance of the uterus and ovaries, and to assess the patency of the fallopian tubes. Anomalies such as uterine malformation and damaged or closed tubes have an adverse effect on successful fertilisation and implantation, and can make miscarriage more likely [47].
Recent Advances in Sonography
Published in Swati Goyal, Essentials of Abdomino-Pelvic Sonography, 2018
IndicationsGynecologic—Congenital uterine malformation.Characterization of adnexal masses.Infiltration of adjacent organs.Volume measurement.
Uterine transplantation and lessons from transplant surgery
Published in J. Richard Smith, Giuseppe Del Priore, Robert L. Coleman, John M. Monaghan, An Atlas of Gynecologic Oncology, 2018
Giuseppe Del Priore, Benjamin P. Jones, Srdjan Saso, J. Richard Smith
Transplant medicine, including surgery and subsequent medical management postoperatively, has improved dramatically over its relatively short existence. There has been recent rapid progress in transplantation in gynecology, particularly in the field of ovarian and uterine transplantation. Ovarian transplantation is described in Chapter 19. These advancements have arisen due to the significant number of women who suffer from absolute uterine factor infertility (AUFI). Such women are considered “unconditionally infertile,” due to either an absence of a uterus or the presence of a nonfunctioning uterus. Women with absence of a uterus may have been born without such, as in Mayor-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome, or may have undergone hysterectomy following cancer or excessive hemorrhage. Those with a nonfunctioning uterus may have a uterine malformation, intrauterine adhesions, severe adenomyosis, fibroids, or have suffered radiation damage. Such women have historically had the options of adoption or surrogacy, both of which are associated with moral and ethical complications in addition to legal, cultural, and religious factors that can all interrelate to restrict couples’ options. The fact that surrogacy is prohibited in many areas of the world, including Italy, Germany, France, and Spain, signifies the difficulties women experience to have children and the associated heartache, pain, and confusion that it may cause. Uterine transplantation is the first treatment for AUFI that overcomes some of these dilemmas.
Risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus during assisted reproductive technology procedures
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2020
Hu Shiqiao, Xu Bei, Zhang Yini, Jin Lei
It was a retrospective cohort study. All registered ART pregnancies with gestational age ≥28 weeks at Tongji hospital between January 1, 2014 and August 31, 2017 undergoing ART at the Reproductive Medical Center of Tongji Hospital were included. During the ART, all embryos were fertilized on the day after the oocyte retrieval. Exclusion criteria were as follows (a) infectious diseases (vaginitis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, Syphilis, and AIDS); (b) adverse obstetrical outcome (preeclampsia, gestational hypertension disorders, and ICP); (c) any chronic disease before pregnancy (chronic hypertension, CVD, kidney disease, autoimmune disease, abnormal liver function, and neurological disease); (d) endocrine disease before pregnancy (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, thyroid disease, and diabetes mellitus); (e) uterine malformation; (f) a history of fetal malformation, chromosome abnormality, or fetal death; and (g) three or more births. All of the patients were divided into two groups according to oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks of gestation: the GDM group and the non-GDM group. The diagnostic criteria of GDM according to the International association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) is as follows: (a) pregnant women drank 75 g glucose at 24–28 weeks of gestation; (b) blood was collected to measure glucose levels at 0, 1, and 2 h after the glucose was taken; and (c) one or more plasma concentrations were at or exceeded the following values: 0 h, ≥5.1 mmol/L; 1 h, ≥10.0 mmol/L; and 2 h, ≥8.5 mmol/L [16].
Influence of post-thaw culture duration on pregnancy outcomes in frozen blastocyst transfer cycles
Published in Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, 2023
Hui Ji, Shanren Cao, Hui Ding, Li Dong, Chun Zhao, Junqiang Zhang, Jing Lu, Xiuling Li, Xiufeng Ling
Participants who underwent frozen blastocyst transfer at the Reproductive Center of Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital) between September 2019 and March 2021 were recruited. Patients younger than 43 years of age with at least one D5 or D6 blastocyst using their own eggs were eligible. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (a) presence of uterine malformation; (b) cycles of oocyte donation, vitrified oocytes, or preimplantation genetic testing; (c) transfers of combined D5 and D6 blastocysts or D7 blastocysts; (d) maximal EMT < 6 mm; and (e) missing cycle or follow-up data.