China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Embryology, Anatomy, and Physiology of the Kidneys and Ureters
Published in Karl H. Pang, Nadir I. Osman, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Basic Urological Sciences, 2021
Paul Sturch, Sanjeev Madaan, Seshadri Sriprasad
The vascular pedicle is derived sequentially from different sources along its ascent to the adult para-aortic position.Failure of renal ascent results in a pelvic kidney.Therefore, blood vessels may be derived from anomalous sources (Figure 8.5).
Urinary system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
The ‘pelvic kidney’ is the most common form of renal ectopy. In most cases the condition is clinically silent so it is difficult to suggest how common this condition might be. As is common with congenital abnormalities, additional abnormalities may be found in the same organ. Pelvic kidneys may be associated with hydronephrosis or VUR. Clinical symptoms may be pain from obstruction or infection related to reflux.
Unexplained Fever In Urology
Published in Benedict Isaac, Serge Kernbaum, Michael Burke, Unexplained Fever, 2019
Location of the perinephric abscess can be unusual and add to the difficulty of the diagnosis. One of our cases had a pelvic abscess, retrovesical, due to a pelvic kidney obstructed by a stone. Sometimes the location is anterior, irritating the peritoneum and simulating an abdominal process, such as described by Loup.121 Bilateral cases were observed.122
Monochorionic Twin Discordance for Horseshoe Lung and Tricuspid Atresia
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Marina Sousa Gomes, José Monterroso, Otília Brandão, Carla Ramalho
Despite maceration due to 6 weeks of intra-uterine retention, the autopsy of the female fetus confirmed some anomalies previously seen by ultrasound and identified others. A complex heart malformation was confirmed: dextrorotation, partial anomalous systemic venous return (hypoplastic right superior vena cava, persistent left superior vena cava draining to the right atrium via the coronary sinus, inferior vena cava draining to the coronary sinus and azygos vein draining into left superior vena cava), hypoplastic right pulmonary vein draining into the left atrium, small right atrium and normal left atrium, atrial septal defect, tricuspid atresia, and right ventricle without inlet chamber with a small outlet chamber (Figure 2). The left main pulmonary artery emerges from this small chamber. The right pulmonary artery emerged from the left artery just before entering the lung hilum. The pulmonary artery and its bronchial relationship on the left were normal. There was a horseshoe lung with hypoplasia of the right lung (Figure 3). There was a unilateral right cleft lip and palate. A normal left kidney and a small right pelvic kidney were identified (Figure 4). The placental examination confirmed a monochorionic gestation, with a paraseptal insertion of the umbilical cord in the abnormal fetus and marginal insertion of the umbilical cord in the normal fetus. The karyotype of the abnormal fetus, obtained from an amniotic fluid sample, was 46, XX.
Modified tubeless minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for management of renal stones in children: A single-centre experience
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2019
Ahmed Sebaey, Ashraf Abdelaal, Alaa Elshaer, Hisham Alazaby, Wael Kadeel, Tarek Soliman, Ehab Elbarky
Between September 2017 and September 2018 50 patients, aged 4–16 years, admitted to the Urology Department presenting with a single renal pelvis or calyceal stone (1–2 cm) were treated using the modified tubeless mini-PCNL technique. The diagnosis was achieved by pelvic abdominal ultrasonography, plain X-ray and CT in all patients. Exclusion criteria were: untreated UTIs; uncorrectable coagulopathy; congenital anomalies in the kidney, such as ectopic pelvic kidney or horseshoe kidney; unfavourable anatomy; and multiple or Staghorn stones. Informed consent was obtained from the parents of all patients. Preoperative laboratory investigations included complete blood count, coagulation profile, liver and renal function tests, urine analysis, urine culture in cases of UTI, and fasting blood sugar. Prophylactic antibiotics were administered routinely. General anaesthesia was used in all patients according to the standard technique.
Long-term outcomes after pyeloplasty for pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in adults associated with renal congenital anomalies: Age, sex and renal function matched analysis
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2021
Mohamed A. Elbaset, Yasser Osman, Mostafa Elgamal, Mohamed A. Sharaf, Osama Ezzat, Ali M. Elmeniar, Abdalla Abdelhamid, Mohamad H. Zahran
Finally, we observed that the GFR of the affected kidneys had an obviously low value and the SRF is far better than the GFR. We explained this finding by the fact that most of cases presented were HSK and ectopic pelvic kidneys. The accuracy of estimation the GFR is underestimated in those types of anomalies for the following reasons: initially, the presence of functional isthmus anteriorly to the lumbar vertebra in HSKs could make the GFR lower than usual because the lumbar vertebra shielded the functional isthmus and could be overlooked. Furthermore, the anterior position of the isthmus to the lumbar vertebra and great vessels can make the distances from the kidneys to the back waist much longer than normal, which results in signal attenuation. The weaker isotopic signal obtained by the receiver will lead to a lower GFR. Additionally, whether the abnormal internal structure of the HSK itself leads to abnormal isotope absorption or excretion and subsequent underestimation of GFR is still unclear [19]. On the other hand, the position and depth of the ectopic pelvic kidneys (the distance of the kidneys from the skin of the abdomen and the lumbar region) are two critical factors in the measurement of the GFR. If there is a 1 cm change in renal depth, the GFR of the split kidney will show a large difference. Therefore, in some special cases with an ectopic pelvic kidney and a transplant kidney, the position of the kidney in the abdomen determines its depth and GFR. Because the position of an ectopic pelvic kidney is closer to the skin of the abdomen rather than the skin of the lumbar region, the values of its depth estimates will be less accurate for GFRs measured [20].