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Therapeutic effectiveness
Published in Dinesh Kumar Jain, Homeopathy, 2022
A study of skin diseases plays a very important role in the analysis of principles of homeopathy. According to homeopathy, suppression of skin diseases by external applications of drugs redirects the diseases internally and creates internal diseases. But in fact the cure of skin diseases has no relation with the development of internal disease. Many skin diseases are resolved spontaneously which confuse Hahnemann who wrongly thought that treatment of skin diseases by external means creates internal pathology. “Alopecia areata is a common condition characterised by a patchy loss of hair without atrophy … It may affect any hairy area of the body and is usually reversible” (Wadhwa et al., 2008, p. 900). Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) occurs mainly in infants and children under the age of five years. The most common cause of SSSS is Staphylococcus aureus. In this disease, rapid recovery is the rule. Healing takes place in one to two weeks even in the absence of treatment. But in untreated cases, a mortality of 2–3% is present (Singh et al., 2008, pp. 233–234).
The Child with Fever or a Rash
Published in Miriam Orcutt, Clare Shortall, Sarah Walpole, Aula Abbara, Sylvia Garry, Rita Issa, Alimuddin Zumla, Ibrahim Abubakar, Handbook of Refugee Health, 2021
Neal Russell, Bhanu Williams, Anna Battersby
Consider topical or oral antibiotics with good hygiene measures. Topical options include fusidic acid (first line) and mupirocin (for MRSA). Treatment should be prescribed according to guidance, for example, fusidic acid applied three times a day for 7 days. Oral antibiotics should be given for infections that are extensive or resistant to topical treatment – for example flucloxacillin, clarithromycin or erythromycin. For recurrent infections, consider eradication of nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus with chlorhexidine with neomycin or nasal mupirocin. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome requires inpatient secondary care with IV antibiotics. Children are considered infectious until all lesions are dry and scabbed over after 48 hours of antibiotics. Universal personal hygiene advice applies, and any toys should be washed in detergent and warm water.2
The Child With an Acute Rash
Published in Michael B O’Neill, Michelle Mary Mcevoy, Alf J Nicholson, Terence Stephenson, Stephanie Ryan, Diagnosing and Treating Common Problems in Paediatrics, 2017
Michael B O’Neill, Michelle Mary Mcevoy, Alf J Nicholson, Terence Stephenson, Stephanie Ryan
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is caused by exotoxin-producing S. aureus. The toxin causes an erythematous rash and separation of the dermis beneath the granular cell layer, with bullae formation and sheet-like desquamation. Areas of epidermis separate on gentle pressure (Nikolsky’s sign), leaving denuded areas of skin that subsequently heal without scarring. There is associated general malaise, irritability, skin tenderness and a fever may or may not be present. It usually presents in children under 5 years of age. In neonates, the lesions are commonly found on the perineum and periumbilically. In toddlers, the extremities are more likely to be affected.
Successful treatment of paediatric generalized pustular psoriasis with secukinumab: a case series
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Henrietta Albela, Sabeera Begum, Kin Fon Leong
Patient 2 is an 11 year old Malay boy who first developed pustular lesions over the trunk with erythroderma at 2 months of age. He was admitted and treated as staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome at that point of time. A skin biopsy performed back then showed spongiotic dermatitis. Unfortunately, he was lost to subsequent follow up. His condition remain in quiescent stage until at age of 11 years old when he presented to us with severe pustular psoriasis flare with a 2-week history of progressive, generalized pustular lesions with persistent high grade fever. His condition was further complicated with Staphylococcus Aureus septicemic shock in which he required low dose inotropic support in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and prolonged intravenous antibiotics. Repeated skin biopsy was performed showed findings consistent with GPP. Once his condition stabilized and infection was under controlled, he was given a loading dose of secukinumab 300 mg, followed by a second dose of 150 mg 1 week later. He was concurrently started on oral acitretin of 1 mg/kg/day as a maintenance regime. Subsequent third dose was given 3 weeks later, and a fourth dose 2-months apart. He achieved a reduction of 60% reduction in his GPPASI score at 1 week after the first dose, with complete clearance by 3 weeks (Figure 2). Four doses have been given to date and he has remained in complete remission for 6 months since his first dose. (Table 1)
Chikungunya fever: a threat to global public health
Published in Pathogens and Global Health, 2018
Raíza Nara Cunha Moizéis, Thales Allyrio Araújo de Medeiros Fernandes, Paulo Marcos da Matta Guedes, Hannaly Wana Bezerra Pereira, Daniel Carlos Ferreira Lanza, Judson Welber Veríssimo de Azevedo, Josélio Maria de Araújo Galvão, José Veríssimo Fernandes
Several types of cutaneous manifestations occur including erythematous, maculopapular or morbilliform rash that regress within 3–4 days without leaving marks [80]. Severe bullous skin lesions that resemble staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome are also observed located in the trunk and limbs, although mainly in children. Such manifestations could be a consequence of the inflammatory response in the skin with the mobilization of resident cells such as keratinocytes, melanocytes and dermal fibroblasts [81–83].