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Nidovirales
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
The 80–100% mortality in neonatal piglets is caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which remains therefore the one of the most devastating viral diseases affecting swine worldwide. Wrapp and McLellan (2019) reported the electron cryomicroscopy structure of the PEDV protein S in the prefusion conformation at a resolution of 3.1 Å and revealed that the structure was substantially different from that observed in the previously determined spike structure from another representative of alphacoronavirus, namely human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), which is described later.
Use of genetically modified lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria as live delivery vectors for human and animal health
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Romina Levit, Naima G. Cortes-Perez, Alejandra de Moreno de Leblanc, Jade Loiseau, Anne Aucouturier, Philippe Langella, Jean Guy LeBlanc, Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
GM LAB have also been studied as vectors for the production of heterologous proteins of animal viruses. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a member of alphacoronavirus that causes an intestinal disease which have caused economic losses around the world.111 A GM strain of L. casei has been used to express N antigen protein of PEDV, and administered oral and intranasally to pregnant sow and mice. This strain was able to both induce mucosal and systemic immune response.112 The same strain was GM to express the protein S of the PEDV virus and the GM L. casei was administered to mice observing an induction of cellular, humoral, and mucosal immunity.113 A bivalent oral vaccine against PDEV and TGEV (porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus) was also developed using a strain of L. casei which was GM to express TGEV S protein D antigen and PEDV S protein-neutralizing antigen epitope region COE as immunogens. Immunized mice showed an induction of humoral and mucosal immune response against TGEV and PDEV, evidencing the potential of this vaccine to prevent both infections.114 In addition, other systems have been developed for the expression of proteins using L. lactis as a vector for the prevention of avian influenza virus infection and infection bursal disease in chicken.115,116