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Unexplained Fever Associated With Cutaneous Manifestations
Published in Benedict Isaac, Serge Kernbaum, Michael Burke, Unexplained Fever, 2019
Erysipeloid of Rosenbach—An acute, localized, self-limiting, infection, caused by Erysipelothrix insidiosa a Gram-positive bacillus, affecting the hand, fingers or forearm, in which the fever may accompany the mild constitutional symptoms in 10% of the cases.
Occupational nail diseases
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
Deepika Pandhi, Vandana Kataria
There are various uncommon presentations of bacterial infections affecting nail unit. For example, Erysipeloid, also known as fish handler’s disease, is a bacterial infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Occupations at risk are fishers, butchers, and poultry dressers. Other diseases like Leishmaniasis mimic Erysipeloid, usually seen in meat or fish handlers. TB infection: Other diseases involving nail unit like Prosector’s wart (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), swimming pool granuloma (Mycobacterium marinum), Tularemia inocculation by coccobacillus Pasturella tularensis.6
An Overview of Microbes Pathogenic for Humans
Published in Nancy Khardori, Bench to Bedside, 2018
Eric Lehrer, James Radike, Nancy Khardori
Erysipelothrix rhuisopathiae is a pleomorphic, non-spore forming, grampositive bacillus that is capable of causing local soft tissue and systemic infections. This bacterium infects many different domestic and marine animals, and human infections are often due to an occupational exposure (Wang et al. 2002).
Diagnostic stewardship based on patient profiles: differential approaches in acute versus chronic infectious syndromes
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2021
Giusy Tiseo, Fabio Arena, Silvio Borrè, Floriana Campanile, Marco Falcone, Cristina Mussini, Federico Pea, Gabriele Sganga, Stefania Stefani, Mario Venditti
The identification of etiological agents is a critical point in patients with subacute-chronic intravascular infections and endocarditis, because atypical pathogens may be involved in these infections. Typical agents are represented by viridans group streptococcal species (VGS), Streptococcus gallolyticus and Enterococcus faecalis [23]; less frequent agents are other non-VGS streptococcal and non-E. faecalis enterococcal species, Abiotrophia/Granulicatella species and Gram-negative bacilli of the HACEK (Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella) group [24–27]. While Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, Brucella spp. and Tropheryma whipplei, are rare agents, Mycoplasma and Chlamydia spp should be considered as exceptional ones [28–32]. Except for E. rhusiopathiae, all these organisms may be responsible for the so-called Blood-Culture-Negative Endocarditis (BCNE), defined as endocarditis with negative blood cultures after 7 days of incubation. Thus, they should be considered when prior antibiotic therapy is excluded as the cause of negative cultures results [27]. Modern techniques and prolonged blood culture incubation are instruments to increase the chance of organism identification: modern conventional automated blood culture systems may support the identification of some fastidious or slow-growing organisms historically known as cause of BCNE (including HACEK Gram-negative bacilli and Abiotrophia/Granulicatella species) [26], while prolonged incubation up to 3 to 6 weeks is suggested in patients with risk factors and exposures to Brucella species [33,34].
Initiation and progression of Early-Stage microbial-driven membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors: a review
Published in Biofouling, 2023
Yuya Takimoto, Toru Miwa, Masashi Hatamoto
The relative abundance of some biofilm-forming bacteria was increased in mature biofilms (cake layer) compared with that in the activated sludge of MBR. These biofouling-associated bacteria are listed in Table 2. Proteobacteria are commonly detected in biofilms and are recognized as biofilm-forming bacteria in the treatment of synthetic, municipal, and pharmaceutical wastewater (Gao et al. 2013; Inaba et al. 2017; Takimoto et al. 2018; Huang et al. 2019). In cake or mature biofilms, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes are abundant (Ziegler et al. 2016; Choi et al. 2017; Takada et al. 2018; Matar et al. 2021). Morphologically, these phyla are of filamentous bacteria (e.g. Gordonia, Ca. Promineofilum, Anaerolineae, and Erysipelothrix). Furthermore, these filamentous bacteria play significant roles in the occurrence of membrane fouling via EPS production (Yao et al. 2021). Moreover, filamentous bacteria form thick but porous biofilms, resulting in low-pressure filtration (Banti et al. 2017). Additionally, filamentous bacteria can easily attach to biofilms and access the organic matter in biofilms or bulk sludge (Ziegler et al. 2016). The dominance of facultative anaerobic Firmicutes species (e.g. Carnobacterium and Exiguobacterium) and obligate anaerobic species (e.g. Clostridium) in mature biofilms suggests that mature biofilms form thick layers and partly anaerobic environments (Inaba et al. 2018; Takada et al. 2018). Additionally, the bacterial consortium of the cake layer gradually become similar to that of bulk sludge (Ziegler et al. 2016; Miwa et al. 2021). These results suggested that mature biofilms become the preferred environment for the bulk sludge bacteria with a higher relative abundance in the sludge, making the membrane surface preferable for the attachment of the sludge floc.