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Order Martellivirales: Virgaviridae
Published in Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier, Virus-Like Particles, 2022
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier
Palmer et al. (2006) engineered a vaccine against both cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) and rabbit oral papillomavirus (ROPV). The immunodominant epitope 94–122 that was mapped by Embers et al. (2002) appeared in this study as a vaccination subject. The epitope sequence comprising aa 94-VGPLDIVPEVADPGGPT-110 of the CRPV L2 protein and the homologous epitope aa 94-VGPLEVIPEAVDPAG-110 of the ROPV L2 protein were inserted between aa positions Ser155 and Gly156, of total 159 aa TMV coat sequence in this case, and two analogous constructs comprising the epitope sequence 107–122 were constructed. The rabbits receiving the CRPV L2 vaccine alone or in combination with ROPV L2 vaccines were completely protected against CRPV infections (Palmer et al. 2006).
Biology
Published in William Bonnez, Guide to Genital HPV Diseases and Prevention, 2019
Robert C. Rose, Mark H. Stoler
Due to strict species- and tissue-specificities of these viruses and their requirement for differentiating epithelium for completion of the viral life cycle, growth of HPV genotypes in the laboratory for a long time was impossible, and remains difficult and complex. This is why for research purposes, one still relies on animal papillomavirus models such as the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus, the bovine papillomavirus, and the canine oral papillomavirus. HPV-1, then HPV-11, and later HPV-16 were first grown, beginning in 1985, by infecting small fragments of human epithelial tissue (mostly neonatal foreskin), and implanting them under the renal capsule of immunodeficient mice (athymic “nude” mice or animals with the severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome). In this type of model the viral infection recapitulates the macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular features of a natural infection. It has been possible since, to grow HPV in skin organotypic (artificial skin) culture systems.
Cidofovir and Brincidofovir
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Graciela Andrei, Robert Snoeck
The preliminary results obtained in the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus model indicated that CDV could offer some therapeutic solutions for the treatment of lesions caused by HPV. Indeed, complete and permanent remissions of papilloma lesions have been achieved after topical gel applications as well as direct intralesional or intravenous injections of CDV (Christensen et al., 2000; Duan et al., 2000). In rabbits infected with cottontail rabbit papillomavirus, Duan et al. demonstrated that topical CDV was very effective at inhibiting papillomavirus-induced wart growth if it was initiated early in infection, especially with low titers of inoculum (Duan et al., 2000).
Pharmacotherapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP): a treatment update
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2021
One approach to tackle RRP would be to inactivate HPV with a therapeutic vaccine. Such a vaccine would be required to induce a T cell response and kill HPV infected cells. The HPV DNA encodes for late proteins which make the protective shell of the virion and early proteins which are necessary for viral function. Arguably the most important of the early proteins are E6 and E7, which target p53 and Rb (retinoblastoma) tumor suppressor proteins [70]. The cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) is established as a laboratory test model for RRP. E6 and E7 peptide-specific antibodies have been identified in rabbit serum post vaccination with overlapping E6 and E7 peptides, resulting in a reduction of latent CRPV DNA hence control of CRPV-induced papilloma [71].