China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Era of COVID-19 to Improve Hospital Management
Published in Adarsh Garg, D. P. Goyal, Global Healthcare Disasters, 2023
The respiratory illness caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus known as COVID-19. It has become pandemic and is a challenge all over the world. The most crucial challenge of this pandemic is the management of COVID-19 patients’ urgency of critical respiratory care. Based on the need of this situation, an AI-based model was developed to enhance the critical care of COVID-19 patients. A review of available literature was carried out like PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, etc. More and more clinicians and engineers are working rigorously on a vaccine, testing facilities, and monitoring systems. This chapter highlights the opportunities gained through the use of AI methods for diagnosis and prognosis system. Major efforts of the healthcare system to fight COVID-19 using AI-based decision-making system would support in management of the critically ill patients with COVID-19 more efficiently. By gathering, categorizing, and studying of clinical information from the large number of patients are approaching to diagnosis and decide toward treatment process.
Infectious Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Susanna J. Dunachie, Hanif Esmail, Ruth Corrigan, Maria Dudareva
COVID-19 is a viral infection caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, that can lead to severe respiratory illness – especially in older adults and people with underlying health conditions.
Social Distancing and Quarantine as COVID-19 Control Remedy
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Adeel Ahmad, Muhammad Hussaan, Fatima Batool, Sahar Mumtaz, Nagina Rehman, Samina Yaqoob, Humaira Kausar
Close interaction with the infected person for a long time period. It also means that if a person is sharing the same healthcare space with a COVID-19 infected person or sneezed or coughed on by someone who was the carrier of a disease. So, it is important to listen to the instructions of COVID-19 exposure from your healthcare department. Moreover, healthcare departments have authority to contact and inform you through contact tracing. You have been in contact with a confirmed COVID-19 patient and what you have to do for further precautionary steps. However, if you are a caretaker and came in contact with the confirmed case, reach out your healthcare department on immediate basis.
Tongue coating microbiome composition reflects disease severity in patients with COVID-19 in Nanjing, China
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2023
Zongdan Jiang, Lu Yang, Xuetian Qian, Kunhan Su, Yuzhen Huang, Yi Qu, Zhenyu Zhang, Wanli Liu
COVID-19 is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The ongoing and unpredictable duration of the epidemic, coupled with the high risk of infection, poses a significant threat to the lives of patients [10]. Some individuals with COVID-19 May rapidly develop hypoxemia and/or dyspnea, while those with severe cases may experience sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure, and challenging-to-correct metabolic acidosis [11]. Currently, there is a limited repertoire of drugs available for the treatment of COVID-19 in clinical practice, with treatment approaches often focused on symptomatic relief, anti-infection measures, antiviral interventions, among others [12]. Consequently, the early differentiation of disease severity among COVID-19 patients holds paramount importance in determining patient prognosis. Oral bacteria are known pathogens in various periodontal diseases, contributing to systemic inflammation and exhibiting associations with systemic conditions such as diabetes, lung disease, and rheumatoid arthritis [13–15]. Growing evidence indicates a correlation between the oral microbiome and the development of COVID-19 [16,17]. Recent research has identified a decline in oral microbial diversity and an increase in dysbiotic species as potential predictors of COVID-19 [6]. This highlights the potential utility of the oral microbiome as a diagnostic tool for SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, studies examining the link between dysbiotic oral microbiota and COVID-19 patients with varying disease severity have been limited.
Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the psychological status and cortisol level of multiple sclerosis patients
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2023
Boshra Hatef, Gila Pirzad Jahromi, Gholam Hossein Meftahi, Vahid Shaygan, Majdedin Ghalavand
To assess COVID-19-related symptoms, a clinician (VS) who was blind to the psychological profile of the participants interviewed all participants. COVID-19-related symptoms were fever, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, diarrhoea, nausea/vomiting, headache, dysgeusia, and anosmia. The interviewer asked patients whether they were tested for COVID-19 using transcription-polymerase chain reaction RT–PCR (all throat swabs, nasal swabs, and sputum samples), chest computed tomography (CT) scan, and blood ELISA was assessed. If patients were tested for COVID-19, they were asked about being diagnosed with COVID-19 by a health worker, requiring hospitalization, supplemental oxygen therapy, and administration in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Moreover, we evaluated medical records to find more detailed information regarding infected and suspected cases and checked patients’ claims.
A Case of Neuroretinitis following Inactivated Virion COVID-19 Vaccination
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2023
Gayathry S Nair, Iraj Alam Khan, Syed Wajahat Ali Rizvi, Saima Shahid
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the development of an effective vaccine to combat the adverse outcomes associated with the disease, and since the advent of the disease, many vaccines have been authorized for emergency use.1 The following vaccines have been approved for use around the world: mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) by Pfizer-BioNTech, the recombinant Covishield by Serum Institute of India, inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV, Sinopharm), Sputnik V(Russia), mRNA-1273 Moderna, Johnson and Johnson, inactivated whole virion Covaxin by Bharat Biotech, and CoronaVac (China).1,2 Few common side effects that all these vaccines have are mild-to-moderate injection site pain and swelling, chills, fatigue, malaise, headache, and fever. There is minimal data on the COVID-19 vaccination induced ocular side effects. However, the wide reach of vaccination campaigns across the globe has slowly resulted in the unmasking of vaccine related adverse events. Even though the trial reports have shown excellent efficacy and safety profile; the possible manifestations are still a cause for concern.3 We report a rare presentation of neuroretinitis following the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination (COVAXIN).