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ExperimentaL Oral Medicine
Published in Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy, Handbook of Experimental Stomatology, 2020
Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy
White54 created a similar experimental autoallergic lesion in the rat parotid gland. Young male Lewis rats were immunized with a mixture of parotid gland homogenate and adjuvants. Parotid gland tissue from adult female Wistar rats was homogenized with phosphate-buffered isotonic saline and emulsified with an equal volume of CFA. The emulsion was injected intradermally into each foot of the rat. The rats were also given s.c. injections of B. pertussis in the dorsal surface of each foot. Control animals were either not treated or received adjuvants only. The animals were killed 14 days after immunization and the parotids removed and examined histologically. Nine of ten animals developed autoallergic parotitis. Lesions were manifested by parenchymal degeneration and mononuclear cell infiltration, primarily with lymphocytes and macrophages. The large incidence, high grade of the lesions, complete specificity of the target organ, and nature of the infiltrating cells were consistent with a cell-mediated immune process.
Biology, Biochemistry and Pathophysiology of the Rantes Chemokine
Published in Richard Horuk, Chemoattractant Ligands and Their Receptors, 2020
Peter J. Nelson, James M. Pattison, Alan M. Krensky
The expression of RANTES by cells of the kidney has been the focus of several studies. Some renal diseases, including transplant rejection and interstitial nephritis, are characterized by a strong mononuclear cell infiltration of the kidney.11,12,15,16 RANTES is induced as an immediate early gene (2 to 20 hours) in renal tubular epithelial and mesangial cells in vitro.11,12 Heeger and co-workers demonstrated significant accumulation of RANTES following the activation of cultured murine tubular epithelial cells with TNF-α and IL-β, while no effect was reported with TGF-β, γ-IFN, or IL-6 stimulation.11 Mouse mesangial cell lines upregulate RANTES within two hours in response to stimulation with TNF-α or lipopolysac-charide.12
Viral and Rickettsial Hemorrhagic Fevers: Laboratory Investigation of the Hemorrhagic State
Published in James H. S. Gear, CRC Handbook of Viral and Rickettsial Hemorrhagic Fevers, 2019
Widespread vascular or endothelial damage has been documented or inferred in most of the disorders encompassed by the term viral hemorrhagic fever, in both experimental animal infections and in man.50,53-55,61-63,71-74 There is multiorgan involvement in this process, and the histological aberrations noted range from a normal appearance to endothelial cell swelling, gaps, vacuolation, and mitochondrial changes.75 or even frank necrosis and/or perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration. Functional derangement of endothelial cells, manifested by failure of prostacyclin production, has been documented recently in experimental Ebola Virus infection in monkeys.63
Omega-3 attenuates high fat diet-induced kidney injury of female rats and renal programming of their offsprings
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019
Asmaa Mohammed Shamseldeen, Mohammed Ali Eshra, Laila Ahmed Rashed, Marwa Fathy Amer, Amal Elham Fares, Samaa Samir Kamar
Serum TNF-α and IL-1β, the biomarkers of inflammation, were inversely associated with the measures of kidney function (Gupta et al.2012). Van der Heijden et al. (2015) reported the establishment of HFD-promoting low-grade chronic inflammation associated with increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, another data reported the existence of direct correlation between TNF-α and blood pressure and the possibility of complete amelioration of essential hypertension development using TNF-α blocker (Venegas-Pont et al.2010). In the present work, mononuclear cell infiltration was noticed. In agreement with Niu (2016) who emphasised that HFD increased expression of profibrotic and proinflammatory gene was associated with cellular infiltration into the renal tissue. Desquamation of tubular epithelium seen in the current study could be attributed to enhanced oxidative DNA damage, renal cell apoptosis and protein glycation induced by HFD (Park et al.2014).
Dose- and dosage-dependent spectrum of respiratory toxicity of cypermethrin in rabbits
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2023
Latif Ahmad, Shafia Tahseen Gul, Xiaoxia Du, Riaz Hussain, Muhammad Rafiq Khanani, Shajeela Iram, Aziz Ur Rehman, Ahrar Khan
Basophil-derived IL-4/monocyte–derived interstitial macrophages (IM)/matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) axis reported earlier could be involved in the pathogenesis of emphysema observed in this study (Cohen et al.2018, Shibata et al.2018). The basophils can migrate into inflammation site and release several immunoregulatory cytokines and proinflammatory mediators due to new environment (Schroeder and Bieneman 2017, Schroeder et al.2019). These cytokines act on lung-infiltrating monocytes to promote their differentiation into IM, which produce MMP-12 to destroy alveolar walls and develop emphysema (Zilionis et al.2019). Mononuclear cell infiltration might be due to increased and uncontrolled inflammation, repetitive injury, and individual predisposition.
Effects of Hypericum scabrum L. essential oil on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2022
Fatma Ibaokurgil, Betul Apaydin Yildirim, Serkan Yildirim
When the wound tissues taken from the control groups were examined on the 3th day of wound formation, it was determined that there were blood clots, bleeding, and necrotic masses in the upper parts. A dense mononuclear cell infiltration zone was seen below the necrotic mass(A). On the 3th day of wound formation, a dense necrotic haemorrhagic mass at the top of the wound tissue of the diabetes group, mononuclear cell infiltration just below, intense edoema formation in the connective tissue layer, and severe hyperaemia in the vessels were detected (D). On the 3th day of wound formation, a necrotic haemorrhagic mass was detected in the upper part of the scar tissue of the treatment group. Mononuclear cell infiltration and edoema were detected just below (G) (Figure 4).