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Atropine
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
A 12-year-old boy was treated with atropine sulfate 1% drops for retardation of progressive myopia when he developed redness, swelling, superficial erosions, and hemorrhagic crusting of both eyes. A non-conventional patch test with the medication was weakly positive, with 0.01% atropine negative (10). A 65-year-old woman presented with a 3-year history of itchy, bilateral, eyelid dermatitis. Patch tests showed positive reactions to the fragrance mix and 3 scented cosmetics. AlI cosmetics were withdrawn but after 4 weeks the skin lesions were unchanged. The patient was at that time being treated with diclofenac-containing eye drops and atropine-containing eye drops for iridocyclitis and glaucoma. Patch tests with both preparations were performed and a positive reaction to the 1% atropine preparation, and later to atropine sulfate 1% water, was elicited (11).
Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Mammalian Eye
Published in David W. Hobson, Dermal and Ocular Toxicology, 2020
In addition to its role in the control of light entering the posterior portions of the eye, the iris also actively participates in inflammation. Inflammation of the iris is termed iritis, but if the inflammation involves both the iris and the ciliary body it is termed iridocyclitis, or more commonly anterior uveitis. Because of its vascular nature, the iris is very sensitive to systemic toxins and infectious agents. In addition, a reflex pathway is present that results in inflammation of the anterior uveal tissue when the sensory innervation of the cornea, via the fifth cranial nerve, is stimulated. It is for this reason that animals with severe corneal disease often have a concomitant anterior uveitis. Also, when ulcerated, the cornea may allow passage of exotoxins into the anterior chamber, or alter the aqueous humor pH or oxygenation and result in inflammation. The clinical signs of inflammation are miosis, ocular hyperemia, increased protein, and cells in the aqueous humor, photophobia, and either an increase and/or a decrease in the intraocular pressure, depending on the species involved and the duration of the inflammation.
The Musculoskeletal System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Psoriatic arthritis is also an inflammatory arthritis occurring in association with psoriasis, lesions on the skin. Reiter's syndrome involves arthritis of the spine, along with inflammation of the urethra and iridocyclitis (iris and ciliary body of the eye). Septic arthritis or infectious arthritis is usually acquired from the blood but may also result from the spread of osteomyelitis to the joint. Lyme disease or arthritis is an inflammatory disorder with multiple symptoms involved; transfer is by a tick.
Uveitis and hypereosinophilia associated with dupilumab in an atopic dermatitis patient
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2023
Shiyu Zhang, Lu Lu, Jindi Feng, Zhonghui Hu, Hongbin Song, Lu Yang, Yuehua Liu, Di Chen, Tao Wang
When the eosinophil count rose to 2.0 × 109/L (19.1% of total white blood cell count), accompanied by a total IgE level of 2494 KU/L, the patient began dupilumab subcutaneous injections of dupilumab at a starting dose of 600 mg followed by 300 mg every 2 weeks. AD improved after the first dose of dupilumab. After the second dose, the patient developed new-onset redness and blurred vision in the left eye, which worsened after the third dose. Slit-lamp examination showed dust keratic precipitates, aqueous flare and floaters (Figure 1(b)). The patient was diagnosed with iridocyclitis, and treated with corticosteroid eye drops. The dose of dupilumab was reduced to 150 mg every 2 weeks. Three weeks later, uveitis completely resolved with no evident slit-lamp signs (Figure 1(c)). Dupilumab was not discontinued, and there was no recurrence of uveitis during a follow-up period of 20 months.
Ocular Inflammatory Reactions following an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: A Four Case Series
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2023
Junhong Ren, Tingting Zhang, Xiaoyue Li, Guodong Liu
A 26-year-old woman complained of blurred vision, redness, and ocular pain in the left eye. The symptoms occurred 6 hours after the inactive COVID-19 vaccination (Sinovac). Before the vaccination, there were no discomforts in the eyes. The patient’s BCVA was 1.0 in both eyes. Intraocular pressure was 15.5 mmHg in the right eye and 13.6 mmHg in the left eye. Slit-lamp examination revealed ciliary injection, miosis, and diffuse small keratic precipitates in the left eye, with the presence of flare and cells in the anterior chamber (Figure 5). The fundus examination was normal without any other possible causes, such as rheumatoid arthritis, syphilis, tuberculosis, and viral infections. The clinical diagnosis was iridocyclitis. The patient’s symptoms were eliminated with the treatments of topical steroid (prednisolone acetate), topicamide and pralprofen eye drops.
Intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept : Safety Analysis in Eyes Receiving More Than Ten Intravitreal Injections
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2020
Sumit Randhir Singh, Goura Chattannavar, Apoorva Ayachit, Miguel Cruz Pimentel, Alex Alfaro, Sarvesh Tiwari, Abhishek Heranjal, Anand Subramanyam, Imoro Zeba Braimah, Abhinav Dhami, Parineeta Sachdev, Ahmad Mansour, Jay Chhablani
Ziv-aflibercept has been used in various ocular disorders with reasonable success in the past.10,12–14 Multiple centres particularly in developing countries have started using IVZ in a variety of chorioretinal conditions. In the present study, we studied the safety outcomes and visual gains of eyes who received at least 10 IVZ injections with a minimum follow up of at least 12 months. There were two instances of intraocular inflammation with one iridocyclitis managed with topical steroids alone whereas endophthalmitis was treated with vitreoretinal surgeries and intraocular antibiotics. This rate (0.07%) is comparable to the previous reports of injection related endophthalmitis in a meta-analysis comparing the endopthalmitis rates with bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept (0.03–0.05%).21 We reported one case of endophthalmitis with an incidence rate of 0.08% in our previous publication on IVZ safety analysis.14