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Fatigue
Published in Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau, Beyond Menopause, 2023
Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau
Gut-associated lymphoid tissue is the largest mass of lymphoid tissue in the body and is situated throughout the GI tract. It consists of many types of immune cells, including lymphocytes, as well as collections of tissues involved in immune function, such as the tonsils. The role of GALT is to manage your immune response from the massive antigen exposure experienced by the gut and help prevent you from getting an infection. It’s your gut that fights off environmental and food toxins that enter your body. GALT depends on a healthy intestinal microbiome to function at its best.
Mindfulness and Meditation Practices
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Research suggests that living with such presence: Optimizes telomerase levels, which repairs and maintains ends of chromosomes.Reduces cardiovascular risk factors.Reduces inflammation by altering epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response.Reduces the stress response.Enhances immune function.Cultivates more integration in the brain, yielding more functional regulation of such processes as emotion, attention, and behavior (Siegel, 2018).
Acute Otitis Media and Otitis Media With Effusion in Adults
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) may be caused by a viral upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) which may also cause infection within the middle ear cleft. ETD can also be associated with smoking. Immune function is most relevant in patients with immunodeficiency. People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an incidence of AOM four times higher than age-matched controls, and around 50% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency have had AOM episodes. The higher incidence of AOM in children is thought to be due to anatomical differences of the Eustachian tube (it is shorter and more horizontal) and their less mature immune system.
Critical influence of cytokines and immune cells in autoimmune gastritis
Published in Autoimmunity, 2023
Zepeng Zhang, Tongtong Zhu, Lei Zhang, Yanchao Xing, Zhiqiang Yan, Qingsong Li
The immune system is essentially similar to a huge network microenvironment, and cytokines are the bridges for communication between cells. Cytokines mainly secreted by immune cells, mediate the fate, function and pathology of immune cells [45]. The cytokine environment in homeostasis or disease is a key factor that determines the role of immune function. Polymorphisms of genes encoding immunomodulatory molecules may affect the secretion or function of corresponding proteins, thereby affecting immune response, inflammation and tissue damage. Once AIG is activated, the relationship between inflammatory response and cytokines has been fully established. As a specific cytokine binds to specific immune cells, the intracellular signal is transduced by the second messenger, leading to the activation of the transcription factor [46]. According to analysing cytokines, the occurrence of AIG is accompanied by significant changes in the expression of many different cytokines, including interleukins, interferons, and growth factors [35, 47, 48].
Effect of sleep deprivation and daylight restriction on the immune response to Escherichia coli-induced septicemia in Wistar rats
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Abayomi O. Ige, Esther O. Agbo, Dorcas J. Brown, Olakunle O. Mebude, Elsie O. Adewoye
Sleep is a recurrent physiological and behavioral state of bodily rest and reduced consciousness that serves multiple functions including the consolidation of memory and enhancement in immune defense [12]. It is a state of immobility, resulting from the decreased ability to respond to external stimuli, which is rapidly reversible [13]. Sleep deprivation (SD) can be described as a consequence of societal pressure experienced by individuals, with repercussions for autonomic function, the neuro-endocrine system and the immune system [14]. Alterations of the sleep/wake cycle affect the number of circulating lymphocytes, NK cells, and Ab titers in humans and rodents as well as increased inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, C-reactive protein, and TNF-α [15]. When a challenge to the immune system is presented, the effects of these changes translate into impaired immune function [11].
Could Immunonutrition Help in the Fight against COVID-19 in Cancer Patient?
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Gang Tang, Linyu Zhang, Wang Huang, Zhengqiang Wei
In conclusion, immunonutrition may play an important role in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in cancer patients by regulating immune homeostasis and excessive inflammatory response. Immunonutrition can improve the nutritional status and immune function of cancer patients, reduce the immune damage caused by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, enhance the immunity against COVID-19 in the early stage, and reduce the risk of infection. In addition, immunonutrition supplementation at the late stage of infection can counteract cytokine storms, reduce tissue damage, and improve the prognosis of cancer with COVID-19. At present, these conclusions are only theoretical, but as a potential strategy, the importance of immunonutrition for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in cancer patients cannot be ignored. Hence, we call for clinical studies to confirm the potential benefits of supplemental immunonutrition in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in cancer patients.