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Published in Ken Addley, MCQs, MEQs and OSPEs in Occupational Medicine, 2023
Anaphylaxis is a systemic allergic reaction with the potential to be life threatening if not dealt with quickly and appropriately. Typical symptoms include: Acute onset.Dyspnoea, respiratory distress, wheeze.Cyanosis.Tachycardia, hypotension.Urticaria, angioedema, skin changes.Anaphylaxis typically involves more than one symptom in more than one part of the body at the same time.
Nasal Polyposis
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Patients should have a trial of medical therapy first unless histology is required. Medical management includes: Intra-nasal corticosteroids (INCS).Short courses of systemic corticosteroids in more extensive polyposis.Antihistamines help only if allergy is present.Leukotriene inhibitors may help patients with coexisting asthma and/or aspirin sensitivity.
Fenugreek in Management of Immunological, Infectious, and Malignant Disorders
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Rohini Pujari, Prasad Thakurdesai
Allergy is an immunity-associated disease resulting from sensitization and hypersensitive immune response to harmless substances in the environment called allergens. Asthma is one of the allergic, severe, chronic, progressive, and inflammatory bronchial diseases. Allergic asthma involves the symptoms such as dyspnea (shortness of breath) and wheezing (high-pitched whistling sound), resulting from increased bronchial hyperreactivity to a variety of allergenic and non-allergenic stimuli (Bosnjak et al. 2011). Many patients with chronic allergic conditions, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma seek complementary alternative medicine to attain better control of symptoms due to limitations of existing options (Amaral-Machado et al. 2020; Hussain et al. 2017; Koshak 2019).
Epinephrine treatment of food-induced and other cause anaphylaxis in United States and Canadian Emergency Departments: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2023
Geneva D. Mehta, Joumane El Zein, Isis Felippe Baroni, Myrha Qadir, Carol Mita, Rebecca E. Cash, Carlos A. Camargo
Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and can be life-threatening [1]. It is relatively common, with lifetime prevalence of anaphylaxis from all triggers estimated to be 0.05−5% [2,3]. The incidence of anaphylaxis appears to be rising, and food-induced anaphylaxis is the leading cause of anaphylactic reactions treated in the emergency department (ED) [4,5]. Although use of adjunctive medications (e.g. antihistamines and glucocorticoids) to treat anaphylaxis is common, epinephrine administration is most clearly associated with decreased morbidity and mortality and is the single first-line management strategy [6–8]. Early studies showed that real-world use of epinephrine to treat food-induced and other cause anaphylaxis in the ED was lower than expected [9,10]. Over the last two decades, there seems to be increasing awareness about the primacy of epinephrine in anaphylaxis management by ED healthcare providers primarily due to increased emphasis of this principal in anaphylaxis management guidelines [1,11–16]. However, there have been no systematic reviews that have investigated this topic.
Temporal trends in anaphylaxis ED visits over the last decade and the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on these trends
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2023
Adnan Al Ali, Sofianne Gabrielli, Luca Delli Colli, Marina Delli Colli, Christine McCusker, Ann E Clarke, Judy Morris, Jocelyn Gravel, Rodrick Lim, Edmond S. Chan, Ran D. Goldman, Andrew O’Keefe, Jennifer Gerdts, Derek K. Chu, Julia Upton, Elana Hochstadter, Jocelyn Moisan, Adam Bretholz, Xun Zhang, Jennifer LP Protudjer, Elissa M. Abrams, Elinor Simons, Moshe Ben-Shoshan
Anaphylaxis is a serious and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction[1], [2]. Food is the leading cause of anaphylaxis in childhood (most commonly cow’s milk, hen’s egg, peanut, and tree nut) [3]. Recent studies suggest that although the prevalence of food allergy had increased over time, it has recently plateaued [4,5]. However, it is not clear if such temporal trends are reflected in severe food reactions, as represented by anaphylaxis visits to the Emergency Department (ED). Although few short-term studies from the United States, Canada, and Japan reveal that the proportion of anaphylaxis caused by tree nut has increased significantly over a 5-year period10−13, there are sparse data on the temporal trends of anaphylaxis in general as well as on anaphylaxis triggered by specific culprits.
Low-intensity diode laser combined with nasal glucocorticoids in the treatment of recurrent epistaxis in children: a randomized controlled trail
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Shuyue Wang, Haiyao Zheng, Tao Liao
This comparison included 18 pediatric epistaxis complicated with AR patients in the Laser group and 15 cases in the Control group. They all received a treatment consisting of oral antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids recommended by the Chinese Society of Allergy Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in VAS score between the two groups (p > .05). The VAS score of the Laser group was 5.00 ± 1.84 and that of the Control group was 5.31 ± 1.96. Next, VAS was statistically decreased after treatment in two groups (1.98 ± 1.89 in the Laser group and 3.48 ± 2.43 in the Control group, p < .05, Table 3). A lower trend of VAS in the Laser group was observed after treatment compared with the Control group. However, this did not have a statistical significance (p = .055, close to .05, Table 3), which may be caused by insufficient sample size. What is more, the variation of VAS before and after treatment in two groups (3.02 ± 1.50 in the Laser group and 1.83 ± 1.56 in the Control group) were found to be statistically significant (p <.05, Table 3, Figure 5). The results implicated the curative effect of alleviating AR symptoms in the Laser group was significantly better than the Control group.