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Introduction
Published in Wilmer W Nichols, Michael F O'Rourke, Elazer R Edelman, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, McDonald's Blood Flow in Arteries, 2022
Preoccupation with the sphygmomanometric “numbers” persists in the diagnosis and management of hypertension. At the turn into the twenty-first century, attention was transferred from diastolic to systolic pressure as the major index of risk in adult hypertension (Franklin et al., 1997; Staessen et al., 2000b) and to the importance of large arteries both in determining systolic and pulse pressure and as the target for damage when pressure is high. This has led to a new approach to the diagnosis and management of hypertension (O'Rourke, 1976, 1983; O’Brien and Staessen, 1999; Safar, 2001). This has been aided by new methods for determining and interpreting pulsatile arterial pressure, flow, and diameter noninvasively (Takazawa, 1987; Kelly et al., 1989a, 1989b, 1989f; Pauca et al., 2004).
A patient with high blood pressure
Published in Tim French, Terry Wardle, The Problem-Based Learning Workbook, 2022
Malignant hypertension is rare. Visual disturbance, headache and breathlessness may occur when the diastolic pressure is greater than 130 mmHg, and systolic pressure is greater than 220 mmHg. Fundo-scopy may reveal retinal changes and papilloedema, and patients may have overt signs of cardiac failure (see pp. 178 and 213). Patients may present with decreased consciousness, focal neurological signs, fits (hypertensive encephalopathy), and stroke.
Nutraceuticals for Hypertension Control
Published in Nilanjana Maulik, Personalized Nutrition as Medical Therapy for High-Risk Diseases, 2020
Balázs Varga, Mariann Bombicz, Andrea Kurucz, Béla Juhász
Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease, and it often coexists with other factors like smoking, dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes and physical inactivity, that can potentiate each other’s effect. The likelihood of having any cardiovascular problems increases in parallel with blood pressure above 115/75 mm Hg (Lewington, Clarke et al. 2002). The systolic pressure and the pulse pressure are greater predictors of risk in patients over the age of 50 to 60 years (Franklin, Larson et al. 2001). Under the age of 50 years, diastolic blood pressure is a better predictor of mortality than systolic readings (Taylor, Wilt et al. 2011).
Circulating platelets supply ST6Gal-1 in patients with IgA nephropathy
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2023
Youxia Liu, Hongshan Chen, Hongfen Li, Fanghao Wang, Junya Jia, Tiekun Yan
Detailed baseline clinical and pathological characteristics of the enrolled IgAN patients were summarized in Table 1. In our IgAN population, 91 (50.6%) patients were female with a mean age was 39.9 years old. At the time of renal biopsy, the median platelet count was 254*109/L. The median eGFR and proteinuria were 95.2 (IQR 67.0, 113.1) ml/min per 1.73 m2 and 1102 (IQR 696.0, 2206.5) mg/24 hr, respectively. The mean systolic pressure was 132 mmHg in this study. The median percentage of platelet crits (PCT) and platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) were 26% (22%, 31%) and 27.9% (23.6%, 32.1%), respectively. The mean platelet distribution width (PDW) was 11.8 ± 2.03 fl, and the mean platelet volume (MPV) was 10.6 ± 2.69 fl. As for pathological scores, M1, E1, and S1 lesions were found in 162 (90%), 68 (37.8%), and 97 (53.8%) patients, respectively. For tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis, T1 and T2 were found in 90 (53.8%) and 17 (9.4%) patients. As for crescent lesions, C1 and C2 were found in 98 (54.4%) and 24 (13.3%) patients, respectively.
A Cohort Study on Associations between Fundus/intraocular Pressure Abnormality and Medical Check-up Items
Published in Current Eye Research, 2021
Pei-Ping Wang, Chang-Min Ke, Dong-Ying Yao, Xiao-Juan Fang, Wen-Xin Luo, Jiang-Lin Wu, Juan Wang, Chu-Na Zheng
A total of 356 participants met the criteria for FIPA. So as to assess the relationship between FIPA and MCI, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used, and relation coefficient and 95% CI were calculated in Table 3. Systolic pressure, diastolic pressure in MCI were significantly associated with all five cohorts (P < .05). With the exception of body mass index in high myopia fundus changes cohort, MCI parameters included RBC, hemoglobin, B-ultrasound abnormal event, heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, TC, LDL-C, standard vision, cerebral arteriosclerosis, body mass index, carotid arteriosclerosis were positively correlated with high intraocular pressure, hypertension fundus arteriosclerosis, high myopia fundus changes, respectively (P < .05). In terms of cardiovascular MCI testing (Heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, TC, LDL-C, cerebral arteriosclerosis, carotid arteriosclerosis), the three cohorts, high intraocular pressure, hypertension fundus arteriosclerosis, and high myopia fundus changes, showed a significant correlation. The results indicated that there were associations between FIPA-related diseases high intraocular pressure, hypertension fundus arteriosclerosis, and high myopia fundus changes with MCI, especially, cardiometabolic risk factors.
Physical activity and health promotion programs in the workplace: A meta-analysis of effectiveness in European organizations
Published in Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 2020
Víctor Jiménez Díaz-Benito, Frederic Vanderhaegen, María Isabel Barriopedro Moro
With 2161 participants distributed among five interventions (Andersen et al., 2013; Christensen et al., 2012; McEachan et al., 2011; Reijonsaari et al., 2012; von Thiele Schwarz et al., 2008), the effect of physical activity and health interventions on the systolic pressure was only significant in Reijonsaari’s studies, which achieved a systolic blood pressure reduction (ES = −0.14; 95% CI, −0.16 to 0.32; p < 0.05; Table 6). In addition, considering the results in a global way, the effect of physical activity and health interventions on the systolic pressure was significant (ES = 0.1; 95% CI, 0.04–0.21; p < 0.01; Table 6). With a total number of 2161 participants distributed among six measurements (Andersen et al., 2013; Christensen et al., 2012; McEachan et al., 2011; Reijonsaari et al., 2012; von Thiele Schwarz et al., 2008), the effect of the physical activity and health interventions led to a diastolic blood pressure reduction in McEachan et al.’s (2011) and Reijonsaari et al.’s (2012) studies, the latter being significant (ES = −0.23; 95% CI, −0.40 to 0.06; p < 0.05). As for the effect of physical activity and health interventions on the diastolic pressure from a global point of view, they did not cause a significant reduction of blood pressure in the participants (ES = < .01; 95% CI, −0.1 to −0.8; p = 0.55; Table 6).