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Recent advances in the management of CSF rhinorrhea
Published in Jyotirmay S. Hegde, Hemanth Vamanshankar, CSF Rhinorrhea, 2020
Hemanth Vamanshankar, Jyotirmay S Hegde
Choukroun et al. in 2001 developed the first protocols of leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin.4 Platelet-rich concentrates are divided into two subgroups: platelet rich-plasma and platelet-rich fibrin, both being available in their leukocyte-enriched or pure form. These are known to release a variety of growth factors, cytokines including a platelet-derived growth factor and tumor growth factor β, a vascular endothelial growth factor, and an insulin-like growth factor.4 All these factors in turn help in the surgical site healing.5,6
Commercialized Microneedles
Published in Boris Stoeber, Raja K Sivamani, Howard I. Maibach, Microneedling in Clinical Practice, 2020
KangJu Lee, Seung Hyun Park, Ji Yong Lee, Won Hyoung Ryu
The SCS MN injection was developed and clinically demonstrated by Clearside Biomedical. They have performed several clinical trials for the commercialization of an MN injector for drug delivery through SCS. Recently, a clinical study was conducted to characterize the continued clinical benefit regarding the safety and efficacy of suprachoroidally administered CLS-TA, a triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension, for the treatment of macular edema associated with noninfectious uveitis (NCT02952001). The parent study is a phase 3 multicenter study to assess the safety and efficacy of 4 mg of CLS-TA administered via suprachoroidal injection. Drug delivery to new sites using an MN injection platform rather than a percutaneous method has also been clinically evaluated. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) has been administrated using an MN injector in the gingiva of patients susceptible to gingival recession (NCT03274674).
Regenerative Orthopedics Enabled by Cross-Cutting Technologies
Published in Kohlstadt Ingrid, Cintron Kenneth, Metabolic Therapies in Orthopedics, Second Edition, 2018
Platelet-rich fibrin matrices have a higher concentration of platelets than other PRP formulations and the shape of a moldable tri-dimensional gel [10]. This gel can be readily applied to sutures or bone or cartilage defect sites. In addition, the fibrin-rich matrix has been shown to delay the release of growth factors for up to 7 days, whereas normally platelets release all their GFs in about an hour in the absence of a fibrin matrix or other type of scaffold [5, 11]. These fibrin matrices, especially the L-PRF formulation, have been successfully used in rotator cuff repair procedures and in maxillofacial surgery [12].
Injectable platelet-rich fibrin positively regulates osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from implant hole via the ERK1/2 pathway
Published in Platelets, 2023
Jia Wang, Wanxin Li, Xuxia He, Simei Li, Hongwei Pan, Lihua Yin
Patients with tooth loss can present a significant challenge for implantology regarding anatomical limitations and technical difficulties. The presence of maxillary sinus and mandibular nerve canal limits proper implant placement. Although there is the good news that the bone defect in the oral can self-regenerate, bone remodeling may take several months to several years and shows apparent individual differences. Different strategies, surgical techniques, and materials have been employed to induce an optimal outcome in guided bone regeneration [1]. The bone gain was significantly reduced when healing complications occurred [2]. To reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was introduced into the research of stomatology by Marx in 1998 and is considered the first generation of blood products for oral treatment. Over the decades, blood products evolved the concept of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), advanced PRF(A-PRF), and injectable PRF (i-PRF). These are becoming an attractive and widely-used approach in regenerative dentistry [3–7]. Among them, 7 ml of elbow forearm whole blood was centrifuged at 700 rpm for 3 min, and the yellow upper liquid obtained was i-PRF [8]. It is simple to prepare and use, and there is no biological modification. Perhaps most crucially, it is a straightforward and affordable procedure regardless of one’s financial situation [9]. Besides the results from a study favored the use of the naturally-formulated i-PRF when compared to traditional PRP with anti-coagulants [10].
Interest of platelet rich plasma in Achilles tendon rupture management: a systematic review
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2022
Pauline Daley, Pierre Menu, Bastien Louguet, Vincent Crenn, Marc Dauty, Alban Fouasson-Chailloux
Our research found 788 results. Out of these records, we retained 49 articles by title. After removing duplicates and reading abstracts, 8 articles were assessed for full-text reading. We excluded one of them [24] because it studied the interest of PRP injection in chronic Achilles tendon tear with no control group. One relevant article was included via another source [21]. We finally included 8 original articles representing 543 patients [18–21,25–28]. PRISMA flowchart summarizes the search strategy for this systematic review (Figure 1). The articles were all series of cases with sample sizes from 12 to 230 patients with unilateral acute ATR. All studies were monocentric, except that of Keene et al. [19] which included patients from 19 distinct hospitals. Alviti et al. [21] studied three groups: patients who underwent surgery with adjuvant treatment with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), patients who underwent surgery without PRF, and healthy controls. In our study we excluded the group of healthy subjects.
Application of Platelet Rich Fibrin in Tissue Engineering: Focus on Bone Regeneration
Published in Platelets, 2021
Ahmad Reza Farmani, Mohammad Hossein Nekoofar, Somayeh Ebrahimi Barough, Mahmoud Azami, Nima Rezaei, Sohrab Najafipour, Jafar Ai
Platelet-based biomaterials are actually formulations, enriched by growth factors in the blood, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). In preparing platelet-rich plasma, anticoagulant agents are used. But in PRF, a fibrin network containing platelets is formed during the natural coagulation process and is isolated only by centrifugation [23]. The results of a study conducted by Choukroun et al. in France showed that, based on polymerization and by enriching the growth factors existing in blood, a strong fibrin gel called platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was formed. Owing to the significant differences that exist in this biomaterial in comparison to other types of blood-derived biomaterials, which were previously discovered and mostly similar to PRP, the PRF was recognized as the “second generation” of this family of biomaterials. Researchers have shown that reducing the centrifuge force (RCF) has improved the quality of PRF matrixes owing to an increase in the number of inflammatory cells and platelets [24].