China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Benign Disorders of Leukocytes
Published in Harold R. Schumacher, William A. Rock, Sanford A. Stass, Handbook of Hematologic Pathology, 2019
Gene L. Gulati, Zoran Gatalica, Bong H. Hyun
Hereditary hypersegmentation of neutrophils is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by many large neutrophils containing more than five nuclear lobes. The hypersegmented neutrophils function normally. The main significance of this disorder is that it is not due to a defect in vitamin B12 or folate metabolism.
Section 8
Published in Padmanabhan Ramnarayan, MCQs in Paediatrics for the MRCPCH, Part 1, 2017
Infants with folate deficiency have failure to thrive, weakness and susceptibility to infections. In most such cases, a red cell folate tends to be lower than 160ng/ml. Laboratory features may include macrocytosis and hypersegmented neutrophils. High-risk groups for deficiency states include premature infants who are not supplemented with folate, children with haemolytic anaemias and those with malabsorption.
Practice Paper 3: Questions
Published in Anthony B. Starr, Hiruni Jayasena, David Capewell, Saran Shantikumar, Get ahead! Medicine, 2016
Anthony B. Starr, Hiruni Jayasena, David Capewell
A 24-year-old woman with active Crohn’s disease is shown to have an Hb concentration of 9.5 g/dL, an MCV of 101 fL and a normal ferritin level. A peripheral blood film shows a number of hypersegmented neutrophils.
Platelet parameters and leukocyte morphology is altered in COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients with similar symptomatology
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 2021
Anne Alnor, Maria Boysen Sandberg, Barbara Ella Toftanes, Pernille Just Vinholt
For morphological evaluation, 27 COVID-19 positive and 18 COVID-19 negative patients were included. No deaths were recorded in the morphology population. Three (17%) non-COVID-19 patients were admitted for ICU treatment, compared to nine (33%) COVID-19 positive patients. The most significant finding was that 14.8% of COVID-19 patients had a normal smear examination, compared to 83.3% of non-COVID-19 patients. Moreover, hypogranulated neutrophils were more frequent in COVID-19 patients (p < .001). Non-COVID-19 patients had higher levels of reactive lymphocytes, compared to COVID-19 patients (see Table 3). In terms of neutrophil hypergranulation, neutrophil vacuolation, plasmatoid cells, plasma cells, giant platelets, band neutrophils and hypersegmented neutrophils, no differences were found between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients.
Neutrophil phenotypes in chronic lung disease
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2019
Michael J. Hughes, Elizabeth Sapey, Robert Stockley
A novel hypersegmented neutrophil phenotype, identified by lower surface expression of CD62L, has been identified in response to acute inflammation modeled by LPS challenge in human volunteers [196] (Figure 4(c)). Whilst little is known about this subpopulation of neutrophils, one study has found that numbers of hypersegmented neutrophils in the airways of patients with COPD correlated with reductions in lung function (r = −0.301, p = 0.007 for FEV1% predicted and r = −0.322, p = 0.004 for FEV1/FVC%) [197]. Again, whether this reflects cause or effect needs careful dissection. It is still unclear why CD62L expression is linked with nuclear morphology and whilst more needs to be done to identify the function of hypersegmented neutrophils and their clinical relevance, there is evidence that this phenotype of neutrophils is present and correlates with disease parameters.
Vitamin B12 deficiency mimicking acute leukemia
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2019
Manojna Konda, Abhijit Godbole, Soumya Pandey, Appalanaidu Sasapu
Early identification and prompt treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency is of utmost importance, because it is a reversible cause of ineffective hematopoiesis,1 in contrast to myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia, which are irreversible disorders of ineffective hematopoiesis. Deficiency of vitamin B12 causes impaired nucleic acid metabolism, resulting in asynchrony between the cytoplasm and nuclear maturation, leading to megaloblastic anemia.2 Characteristic findings include red cell macrocytosis, hypersegmented neutrophils in the peripheral blood, and hypercellular bone marrow with giant bands and proerythroblasts.3 These findings can sometimes result in the misdiagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome due to nuclear cytoplasmic asynchrony or even acute leukemia due to increased proerythroblasts.4,5 Some of these patients also end up receiving extensive workup and are treated with aggressive measures.6 In this report, we present a patient who was referred to our hospital with concerns for acute leukemia but in fact had vitamin B12 deficiency.