China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
An unsteady pensioner
Published in Tim French, Terry Wardle, The Problem-Based Learning Workbook, 2022
The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) assesses five areas of cognitive function: orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall and language. The maximum score achievable is 30. A score of 23 or below indicates cognitive impairment. It is used to screen for, and establish, the severity of cognitive impairment. It is useful for monitoring changes in cognition using sequential assessments, e.g. for assessing the progression of dementia. Dementia is a syndrome of global impairment of cognition in clear consciousness. Compare this with the definition of acute confusional state/delirium.
Dementia
Published in Henry J. Woodford, Essential Geriatrics, 2022
In clinical practice, time usually limits the depth and complexity of cognitive testing. A wide range of assessment tools used both for screening and rating of disease severity has been developed.17 Brief screening tools include the Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) and Six-Item Screener (SIS) (see Appendix A). The 30-point Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) offers a little more depth of assessment. Here, the higher the score the better, with a score of 25 or below suggesting significant impairment (see Appendix A). It tests only limited cognitive domains (e.g. not executive function and little visuospatial ability). An alternative is the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA).18 This test also gives a score out of 30 but requires a wider range of cognitive skills. It requires a specialised testing sheet, which includes animal pictures for identification.
Critical appraisal of studies on diagnostic tests
Published in O. Ajetunmobi, Making Sense of Critical Appraisal, 2021
On the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) screening test, a score of 24 or less, out of a possible total of 30 is taken as being indicative of a possible dementia diagnosis, that is, a cut-off point of 24/30. However, if the MMSE test cut-off point were arbitrarily set at 4/30, three interesting things would happen: Many potential dementia cases would be missed, i.e. low sensitivity.Virtually no well people would be wrongly identified as possible dementia cases, that is, high specificity.A positive result (i.e. four or less) in this high specificity–low sensitivity version of the MMSE test would rule in a strong possibility of dementia.
Reliability and Factor Structure of the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination
Published in Clinical Gerontologist, 2023
Emily T. Noyes, Saudia Major, Addie M. Wilson, Elizabeth B. Campbell, Lauren N. Ratcliffe, Robert J. Spencer
The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; Nasreddine et al., 2005) are commonly used cognitive screening measures that are well established in the literature. Depending on the measure, users must either pay a fee per administration (MMSE) or undergo formal training for a fee (MoCA). These factors may lead users to select a freely available cognitive screening measure, such as the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) Examination (Tariq, Tumosa, Chibnall, Perry, & Morley, 2006). Although the measure has wide clinical use (Rabin, Paolillo, & Barr, 2016), little is known about its psychometric properties. A recent review found only 20 studies that provided information regarding at least one psychometric property of the SLUMS (Spencer, Noyes, Bair, & Ransom, 2022). This project aims to examine the internal consistency, factor structure, and temporal stability of the SLUMS.
Prevalence and factors associated with depression in people living with HIV/AIDS in a Brazilian metropolitan region
Published in AIDS Care, 2022
Carolina Saraiva Nunes de Pinho, Rafael Dantas Santana, Eugênio de Moura Campos, Roberto da Justa Pires Neto
First, the individuals were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to detect dementia (Folstein et al., 1975). The researchers excluded patients with dementia. Subsequently, patients were subjected to four modalities of data collection: (1) Sociodemographic questionnaire (marital status, income, origin, sex, age, time since diagnosis, and use of ART); (2) Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) diagnostic questionnaire; (3) For patients diagnosed with a current depressive episode, the Hamilton Depression Scale was applied (Hamilton, 1959); (4) An inquiry for the identification of variables, such as risk factors for HIV infection, adherence to ART, adverse treatment symptoms, and incidence of opportunistic diseases, as well as secondary data (CD4 count and viral load).
Elucidating factors influencing machine learning algorithm prediction in spasticity assessment: a prospective observational study
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Natiara Mohamad Hashim, Jingye Yee, Nurul Atiqah Othman, Khairunnisa Johar, Cheng Yee Low, Fazah Akhtar Hanapiah, Noor Ayuni Che Zakaria
Forty-eight persons diagnosed with central nervous system pathology were undergoing inpatient rehabilitation and attending outpatient rehabilitation clinics that fulfilled inclusion, and exclusion criteria were recruited. In this study, we employed a non-probability convenience sampling technique. The inclusion criteria include (1) presence of any central nervous system pathology that gives rise to spasticity. (2) Good cognitive function determined by MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) score of 24 or less made available from patients’ clinical notes. The exclusion criteria are (1) any elbow joint or forearm pathology secondary to non-neurological cause (e.g. fracture, tendinitis). (2) Presence of elbow joint contracture secondary to bone pathology (e.g. consolidated fracture, sarcoma, heterotrophic ossification). (3) Hyperkinetic movement disorder or involuntary muscle contraction at rest. (4) Patient who received less than 4 months of botulinum toxin injection.