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PMM2-CDG (Congenital disorders of glycosylation, type Ia)
Published in William L. Nyhan, Georg F. Hoffmann, Aida I. Al-Aqeel, Bruce A. Barshop, Atlas of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, 2020
Clinical laboratory evaluation may reveal proteinuria. There is often an intermittent thrombocytosis, with counts up to 800,000 per mm3. There may be hypoprothrombinemia and diminished factors IX and XI. Elevated transaminases typically normalize after the first two years of life but become elevated during illness. Serum albumin is usually low, and some have a hypo-β-lipoproteinemia. The stroke-like episodes and thrombotic disease have been associated with decreased levels of protein C and antithrombin III and other major inhibitors of coagulation [18]. Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is reduced in 75 percent of patients. CSF protein may be elevated. In general, patients with CDG are clinically euthyroid but may present with the biochemical picture of partial TGB deficiency (low total T4, normal free T4, normal thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]). These patients require no treatment unless they present with elevated TSH and low free T4.
Gemifloxacin
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
A randomized, open-label study of community-acquired pneumonia demonstrated comparable clinical success rates for treatment with gemifloxacin 320 mg once daily and a regimen of ceftriaxone/cefuroxime axetil (with optional macrolide therapy) (Lode et al., 2002). Another study compared gemifloxacin 320 mg daily for 5 days or for 7 days in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (File et al., 2007). This double-blind, randomized, multinational study demonstrated non-inferiority of clinical response to the 5- versus the 7-day regimen in both the per-protocol (95.0% vs. 92.1% response) and the intention-to-treat (92.6% vs. 87.0%, p = 0.04) populations. Approximately 90% of patients in both arms had pneumonia severity scores (Fine criteria) of I or II. Rash was observed in 7/254 (2.8%) patients in the 7-day group and 1/256 (0.4%) in the 5-day group. Among the 510 enrolled patients, elevated transaminases were observed in 5–6%, diarrhea in 3%, headache or dizziness in approximately 1.5%, and nausea, hyperglycemia, or upper abdominal pain each in ≤ 1% (File et al., 2007). Gemifloxacin (320 mg daily for 7 days) was comparable to oral amoxicillin/clavulanate (1 g/125 mg three times a day for 10 days) in a randomized, double-blind study of community-acquired pneumonia in a large multicenter study in Europe and South Africa. Clinical resolution at the end of treatment was 95.3% and 90.1%, respectively, and at follow-up was 88.7% and 87.6%, respectively (Léophonte et al., 2004).
Human Metapneumovirus Infections
Published in Sunit K. Singh, Human Respiratory Viral Infections, 2014
Jennifer Elana Schuster, John V. Williams
GI manifestations in children include vomiting and diarrhea. In one study, 10% of children with MPV had diarrhea and 24% had vomiting. This was not significantly different than children with RSV.47 In other studies, over 50% of MPV-infected children had GI symptoms.23,54 Abdominal pain has been reported in 20% of children with MPV-related pneumonia.54 Elevated transaminases were noted in 10–13% of patients.31,37 Rash has been described in 3–10% of MPV infections.38,46
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in polycystic ovarian syndrome in Indian women
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Sujata Siwatch, Virendra Singh, Lakhbir K. Dhaliwal, Sunita Kumari, Kartar Singh
Ultrasound is more sensitive than biochemical tests to detect NAFLD in PCOS women (Cerda et al. 2007; Gambarin-Gelwan et al. 2007). The sensitivity of ultrasound in the presence of >30% of fatty infiltration is reported to be 80% (Economou et al. 2009). Its short examination time and low cost are added benefits. Elevated transaminases seem to relate to chronic inflammation in higher grades of the pathology. Increased ALT is reported in more than 36–55% of overweight and obese PCOS women, as in our study (Cerda et al. 2007; Gambarin-Gelwan et al. 2007; Vassilatou et al. 2010). ALT is a preclinical marker of NAFLD. In a study on a large healthy non-diabetic population, Chang et al., showed that increasing ALT concentration, even within reference range, is predictive of NAFLD (ultrasound diagnosed) independent of BMI, fasting glucose, lipids and blood pressure (Chang et al. 2007). Nevertheless, falsely normal ALT may be seen in 30% of patients with NASH (Bloomgarden 2007). Conversely, biochemically increased ALT, not associated with fatty liver, has been seen in obese subjects (Daniel 1999).
Clinical and biochemical differences between hantavirus infection and leptospirosis: a retrospective analysis of a patient series in Belgium
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2020
Emma Bakelants, Willy Peetermans, Katrien Lagrou, Wouter Meersseman
Blood results are shown in Table 2. Ten patients had normal hemoglobin, the other six patients had normochromic, normocytic anemia. A raised leukocyte count was observed in four patients. White blood cell differentiation showed a tendency to lymphocytopenia and monocytosis. Eleven patients had thrombocytopenia, four patients had normal values of platelets, one patient had thrombocytosis. C-reactive protein (CRP)-reached variable values, spreading from 12.9 mg/l to 231.8 mg/l. Median value was 67.6 mg/l. Eleven patients presented with acute kidney failure. In our center acute kidney failure is defined as a creatinine value above 1.17 mg/dl. Four patients also had hypoalbuminemia. Eight patients had elevated transaminases. Total bilirubin was elevated in two patients. Seven patients had normal liver tests. Although myalgia was a frequent complaint, creatine kinases (CK’s) were elevated once. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was elevated in 12 patients.
Regenerative nodular hyperplasia after T-DM1: consequences from sinusoidal endothelium damages
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2020
Soraya Benguerfi, Véronique Diéras, Mario Campone, Jean-François Mosnier, Marie Robert
RNH impact is not on mortality but on quality of life with a risk of appearance of portal hypertension in patients with advanced cancer. In this population, one of the main goal for treatment is quality of life [27]. Von Minckwitz and al. showed recently among patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer who had residual invasive disease after completion of neoadjuvant therapy, the risk of recurrence of invasive breast cancer or death was 50% lower with adjuvant T-DM1 than with trastuzumab alone [28]. In this study, elevated transaminases of any grades were 28.4% (AST) and 23.1% (ALT) with 1.6% and 1.5% of grade 3 or higher, respectively. On May 3, 2019, the Food and Drug Administration approved T-DM1 for the adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer who have residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant taxane and trastuzumab-based treatment based on that study, whereas it is well specified that RNH should be considered in all patients with clinical symptoms of portal hypertension and/or cirrhosis-like pattern seen on the computed tomography scan of the liver.