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Role of Plant-Based Medicines for Gallstones
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Vivek Kumar, Anju Dhiman, Pooja Chawla, Viney Chawla
Literature survey reveals that there are lot of surgical and nonsurgical treatments available for the cholelithiasis management, but none of them is precise and satisfactory treatment. Therefore, CAM is an alternative as it includes the traditional Chinese system and Ayurveda, and use of herbs to treat the cholelithiasis.
Alimentary Tract Diseases
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Ryan Lamm, Arturo J. Rios-Diaz, Priyadarshini Koduri, Francesco Palazzo
Cholelithiasis is the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder. A diagnosis of cholelithiasis may be incidental or may be suspected on the basis of classic symptoms with confirmation on ultrasound.
Acute abdomen in pregnancy
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Nicole Fearing, William L. Holcomb
Gallstones are present in more than 95% of patients with cholecystitis. Ultrasonography has been found to be extremely accurate in the diagnosis of cholelithiasis. With cholecystitis, it may show not only gallstones but also gallbladder wall thickening and pericholecystic fluid. Ultrasound can also show common bile duct dilation. Since this modality does not require ionizing radiation, it is preferred in pregnancy. If additional diagnostic information is needed for clinical management, the radiation dose of a radionucleotide scan of the gallbladder is not prohibitive.
Managing the gastrointestinal side effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in obesity: recommendations for clinical practice
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Sean Wharton, Melanie Davies, Dror Dicker, Ildiko Lingvay, Ofri Mosenzon, Domenica M. Rubino, Sue D. Pedersen
In clinical practice, the most common side effects of GLP-1RAs are gastrointestinal (GI), typically including upper-GI effects (e.g. nausea or vomiting) and/or lower-GI effects (diarrhea or constipation). These GI adverse effects appear to be dose-dependent and are likely a class effect [1,9]. They are typically transient, mild to moderate in severity, and mainly occur during initiation and up-titration of treatment. Constipation may last longer than other GI side effects [4,5], consistent with the more chronic nature of this condition. Although acute pancreatitis has been reported in patients treated with GLP-1RAs, and patients should be observed for any signs and symptoms of acute pancreatitis (e.g. persistent severe abdominal pain) [2,3,8], large cardiovascular outcome trials have not shown an increased risk of pancreatitis with GLP-1RAs [1]. Practitioners should also be aware that cholelithiasis (gallstones) may occur with rapid weight loss and an increased incidence has been reported in patients treated with GLP-1RAs for weight management – appropriate clinical follow-up is required if gallstones are suspected [2–4,7,8,13,14].
A Systematic Review of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Situs Inversus
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Mohamed Ali Chaouch, Hichem Jerraya, Mohamed Wejih Dougaz, Ramzi Nouira, Chadli Dziri
Many people with SI may be unaware of their condition until they seek medical attention [18]. Therefore, clinical diagnosis of cholelithiasis could be difficult. Ultrasonography, abdominal CT scan, and abdominal MRI could confirm, determine the type of visceral transposition, allow a plan of the surgical procedure and decrease intra-operative unexpected events and post-operative complications [103]. Intra-operative findings confirm these radiological implications [3, 11, 12, 15, 23, 34]. As for the surgical procedure, four ports, three ports, or a single port were reported but they were limited. One of the major problems in case of SI is the surgeon’s dominant hand. The surgeon must expose the Calot triangle clearly. The gallbladder fundus should be grasped upward to the left and gallbladder neck grasped down to the left. This traction allows misalignment of the cystic duct from the CBD and permits a critical view of safety [103, 104]. The Calot triangle dissection should be performed lateral to the cystic artery lymph node with visualization of the cystic duct or CBD insertion.
Should patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis before 30 years of age be tested for ABCB4 gene mutations?
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2020
Catarina Gouveia, Margarida Flor de Lima, Flávio Pereira, Bruno Rosa, José Cotter, António Banhudo, Maria Duarte, Alexandre Ferreira, Marília Cravo, Joana Nunes
Symptomatic cholelithiasis was defined as the presence of biliary symptoms (biliary pain, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, acute cholangitis) in association with evidence of gallbladder or common bile duct lithiasis or sludge. Diagnose of LPAC syndrome was made when at least two of the following characteristics were present: biliary symptoms with onset before 40 years of age; symptom recurrence after cholecystectomy; presence of liver echogenic foci suggestive of intrahepatic lithiasis; past history of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and family history (first degree relatives) of gallstone disease, in patients with or without identified mutations. Patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases (primary sclerosing cholangitis, primary biliary cholangitis, Caroli disease, congenital hepatic fibrosis, Osler–Weber–Rendu disease, cystic fibrosis, porphyria), Crohn’s disease and chronic hemolysis were excluded from this study. Patients’ clinic and demographic data were collected.