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Adult Autopsy
Published in Cristoforo Pomara, Vittorio Fineschi, Forensic and Clinical Forensic Autopsy, 2020
Cristoforo Pomara, Monica Salerno, Vittorio Fineschi
The ascending colon, unlike the cecum, is a retroperitoneal structure. Free it with an incision made parallel to the posterior wall of the abdomen. Proceed from the bottom to the top and from the left to the right, so as to detach the colon all the way up the posterior wall, until reaching the right or hepatic flexure, situated in the right hypochondrium (Figure 2.91).
Paper 4
Published in Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw, The Final FRCR, 2020
Amanda Rabone, Benedict Thomson, Nicky Dineen, Vincent Helyar, Aidan Shaw
A 42 year old patient with newly diagnosed ascending colon cancer is discussed at the colorectal multidisciplinary team meeting. He has a past medical history of hypertension and left nephroureterectomy for cancer 5 years previously. The patient was recently seen in outpatient clinic and reported a positive family history of colorectal cancer, with his father and two brothers affected. His father was successfully treated for colorectal cancer but later died from glioblastoma. His sister has recently had a hysterectomy following a diagnosis of endometrial cancer.
Serrated Polyposis Syndrome
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Tumor Syndromes, 2020
Extending from the cecum (which connects the ileum of the small intestine) to the anal canal, the colon (large intestine) is a tube of 150 cm in length that can be separated into ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid sections. The ascending colon (sometimes referred to as the proximal or right colon) starts from the cecum, ascends to the right lobe of the liver, and turns 90° at the right colic flexure (or hepatic flexure) to become the transverse colon, which crosses the abdomen horizontally to the spleen. The transverse colon then turns another 90° at the left colic flexure (or splenic flexure) to become the descending colon, which moves inferiorly and connects the sigmoid colon. The sigmoid colon (sometimes referred to as the distal or left colon) is a 40-cm long tube forming a characteristic “S” shape that connects the rectum, then the anus.
Dasatinib-induced colitis: clinical, endoscopic and histological findings
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2022
Kenji Yamauchi, Tomoki Inaba, Hugh Shunsuke Colvin, Ichiro Sakakihara, Kumiko Yamamoto, Koichi Izumikawa, Sakuma Takahashi, Shigetomi Tanaka, Shigenao Ishikawa, Masaki Wato, Midori Ando, Masato Waki
Of the nine patients with dasatinib-induced colitis, two patients refused colonoscopy and one patient underwent sigmoidoscopy; six patients underwent total colonoscopy during dasatinib therapy (Table 2). Colitis involved the transverse colon, descending colon, ascending colon, cecum, sigmoid colon, and rectum in six (100%), six (100%), five (83.3%), four (66.7%), three (42.9%) and two (28.6%) patients, respectively. Regarding the endoscopic features of colitis, six (100%) patients had loss of vascular pattern, five (83.3%) had multiple erosions and one (16.7%) had multiple small round elevations with erosion on the top (Figure 2). In a patient who underwent follow-up colonoscopy once a year while taking dasatinib, the endoscopic findings changed from erythematous spots (Figure 3(A)) to multiple erosions (Figure 3(B)) in the following year, and then to multiple small round elevations with erosion on the top (Figure 3(C)) in the following year. After discontinuation of dasatinib, these findings disappeared (Figure 3(D)) on colonoscopy.
Frequency of putative enteric zoster diagnosed using saliva samples in patients with abdominal pain: a prospective study
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2021
Sang Hyun Ra, Ji-Soo Kwon, Ji Yeun Kim, Hye-Hee Cha, Hyun-Jung Lee, Jiwon Jung, Min Jae Kim, Yong Pil Chong, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Won Young Kim, Sung-Han Kim
We found that in five (10%) of the 50 patients, VZV-DNA PCR using saliva samples showed positive results. In Patients 1 and 2, pancreatic head cancer was seen on APCT. Patient 3 had undergone left partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma one week before the date of study enrolment. However, there were no remarkable findings on radiologic images. Patients 4 and 5 were diagnosed with small bowel obstruction after intra-abdominal surgery. Patient 4 had undergone an ileostomy take-down operation after undergoing laparoscopic lower anterior resection for rectal cancer two weeks before the date of study enrolment. Patient 5 had undergone an ileostomy take-down operation after undergoing robot-assisted total colectomy/ileorectal anastomosis for ascending colon cancer two weeks before the date of visiting the emergency room. Detailed clinical characteristics of these five patients are presented in Table 2. On the contrary, all 14 patients with COVID-19 showed negative salivary VZV-DNA PCR results.
Comparison of Right-side and Left-side Colon Cancers Following Laparoscopic Radical Lymphadenectomy
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Han Deok Kwak, Jae Kyun Ju, Soo Young Lee, Chang Hyun Kim, Young Jin Kim, Hyeong Rok Kim
The colon is embryologically differentiated from the midgut and hindgut, and forms at the margins of the abdominal cavity after the process of rotation and adhesion. As a result, the colon has right and left sidedness, unlike the small intestine, prompting comparative studies in various medical fields. In particular, the recent introduction of prospective studies on chemotherapy targeting stage IV disease has led to changes in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) chemotherapy guidelines. Many studies have reported that right colon cancers either have worse oncologic outcomes than those of the left colon or have different long-term outcomes depending on the stage. However, it was not until recently that standard colonic resection to achieve better oncologic outcomes, especially for ascending colon cancers, was reported by Hohenberger et al. [1], leading to ongoing issue on comparative studies on the types of operations used in both groups. In this study, the authors compared right and left stages I, II, and III colon cancer cases only undergoing radical lymph node dissection according to major arteries’ lymph node involvement. This study was designed to compare short- and long-term outcomes between right and left colon cancers, and to determine whether there was a difference between the two groups as reported in previous studies.