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Other Complications of Diabetes
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
Between 51% and 97% of people with diabetes mellitus experience a related dermatologic disorder. Bacterial skin infections affect about 16% of diabetes patients while fungal skin infections affect about 22%. The most common bacterial skin infection is a boil while the most common fungal skin infection are tinea pedis and athlete’s foot. Chronic itching affects about 2.9% of the overall population, but is much more common with diabetes, at 11.3% of patients. Diabetic dermopathy affects 7%–35% of diabetic patients in varying amounts throughout the world. Approximately 36% of individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes have acanthosis nigricans. Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is rare, usually affecting adult diabetic women, but overall affecting only 0.3% of people with diabetes. Eruptive xanthomatosis is most common in younger men that have type 1 diabetes, but overall is extremely rare.
Inflammatory Skin Diseases
Published in Aimilios Lallas, Zoe Apalla, Elizabeth Lazaridou, Dimitrios Ioannides, Theodosia Gkentsidi, Christina Fotiadou, Theocharis-Nektarios Kirtsios, Eirini Kyrmanidou, Konstantinos Lallas, Chryssoula Papageorgiou, Dermatoscopy A–Z, 2019
Aimilios Lallas, Zoe Apalla, Elizabeth Lazaridou, Dimitrios Ioannides, Theodosia Gkentsidi, Christina Fotiadou, Theocharis-Nektarios Kirtsios, Eirini Kyrmanidou, Konstantinos Lallas, Chryssoula Papageorgiou
Necrobiosis lipoidica is dermatoscopically typified by the presence of diffuse or focal yellow/orange structureless areas combined with a highly specific vascular pattern. This pattern, which facilitates the discrimination of necrobiosis lipoidica from sarcoidosis and lupus vulgaris, consists of dotted, linear, or glomerular vessels in early stages, while linear branching vessels forming a prominent dense vascular network (often also seen macroscopically) in a yellow background are observed in late stages. Ulceration and yellow crusts are the most common additional features (Figure 6.24).
Endocrine emergencies with skin manifestations
Published in Biju Vasudevan, Rajesh Verma, Dermatological Emergencies, 2019
Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) appears in 0.3%–1.6% of diabetic patients. Although the exact cause of NL is not known, it is suggested that an antibody-mediated vasculitis with secondary collagen degeneration is the main cause of this disorder. It is stated that approximately 75% of patients with NL have or will develop diabetes. Therefore, it is also called necrobiosis lipodica diabeticorum. The lesions begin as small, firm, erythematous papules that enlarge radially to form indurated, annular plaques with a yellowish atrophic center, prominent superficial telangiectasia, and a slightly elevated erythematous-violaceous margin. The lesions are most commonly distributed bilaterally on the lower extremities, particularly the pretibial areas, but may occur on the face, trunk, and upper extremities as well. Various treatment modalities have been tried, and the response is generally disappointing. The treatment modalities include topical and intralesional steroids, tacrolimus, PUVA, and other immunosuppressive drugs [19].
Unconventional use of fractional ablative CO2 laser in necrobiosis lipoidica
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2019
Anissa Zaouak, Ehsen Ben Brahim, Fatma Daoued, Wafa Koubaa, Houda Hammami, Samy Fenniche
A female patient aged 32 years old with a past medical history of diabetes since 5 years was referred to our department for multiple cutaneous lesions located on her left foot and left leg since 3 years. Dermatological examination revealed multiple annular pigmented lesions with central atrophy in her left leg in addition to two annular erythematous plaques with whitish scales on the dorsum of her left foot (Figure 1(a, b)). According to her history and her clinical findings, necrobiosis lipoidica was suspected and a skin biopsy was performed on the affected skin. Histopathological examination revealed palisading granulomas surrounding large foci of necrobiosis involving the entire dermis and extending into the subcutaneous fat septa confirming the diagnosis of necrobiosis lipoidica.
Necrobiosis Lipoidica in a Patient with β-Thalassemia Major: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Published in Hemoglobin, 2020
Evangelia Vetsiou, Vasileios Mpouras, Christina Nikolaidou, Philippos Klonizakis, Evdokia Mandala, Kyriakos Vamvakis, Kyriakos Psarras, Efthymia Vlachaki
Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL) is a skin disorder most commonly occurring on the pretibial areas. It is characterized by a hardened, raised area of the skin. Early lesions appear as non-diagnostic erythematous papules. Later, they evolve into annular lesions where the center is characterized by epidermal atrophy usually with a yellowish tint. The area surrounding it is dark pink-brownish with dilated vessels. Necrobiosis lipoidica is most commonly found in patients with DM but can also be associated with other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [2]. In this case report, we present a young female suffering from β-TM who developed NL.
The long-term effect of pulsed dye laser on Necrobiosis Lipoidica: A case study
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2019
Emma Bergqvist, Gunnar Bergqvist
A rare skin condition known as Necrobiosis Lipoidica is often found in conjunction with poorly controlled diabetes. Necrobiosis Lipoidica is three times more likely to occur in women than men and is more commonly found in people who have poorly controlled diabetes, or a family history of diabetes (1) with roughly 0.3% of the diabetic population is afflicted with this disease (2). However, it is known to occur in the absence of diabetes as it is also associated with rheumatoid arthritis.