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Pituitary emergencies:
Published in Nadia Barghouthi, Jessica Perini, Endocrine Diseases in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period, 2021
Jessica Perini, Nadia Barghouthi, Gayatri Jaiswal
Lactation failure in the immediate postpartum period or after months should raise suspicion for Sheehan’s syndrome. Hypoprolactinemia can be diagnosed with a low prolactin level.
Tumors of the Nervous System
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Hypoprolactinemia: Failure to start/maintain lactation.Hypothyroidism with low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).Growth hormone deficiency.Poorly defined in adults.Hypoadrenalism.Fatigue.Postural hypotension.
Principles of Pathophysiology of Infertility Assessment and Treatment*
Published in Asim Kurjak, Ultrasound and Infertility, 2020
Joseph G. Schenker, Aby Lewin, Menashe Ben-David
While a state of hypoprolactinemia may not exist (except for rare cases of pan-hypopituitarism), a condition of hyperprolactinemia is common and relatively abundant among women. The remarkable ability of the pituitary lactotropes to spontaneously and independently secrete prolactin prevents almost entirely the constitution of the hypoprolactinemic state. On the other hand, hyperprolactinemia can be easily achieved, especially in the female, due to the relatively high circulating estradiol levels. Estrogens may enhance prolactin secretion by one or both of the following ways: estrogens deliver the genetic code for prolactin synthesis and estrogens may reduce the hypothalamic dopamine availability and thereby cause prolactin hypersecretion.
Prolactin as a neuroendocrine clue in sexual function of women across the reproductive life cycle: an expert point of view
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2021
Rossella E. Nappi, Sonia Di Ciaccio, Alessandro D. Genazzani
By using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire to assess FSD, hyperprolactinemic women without depression or other hormonal disorders reported lower scores for sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction in comparison with controls [55]. Antipsychotic and neuroleptic drugs and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) reduce sexual drive and may cause anorgasmia, in part related to drug-induced hyperprolactinemia, as demonstrated by less sexual dysfunction in patients treated with the so-called PRL-sparing drugs in comparison with those with a higher incidence of PRL elevation [56]. Hypoprolactinemia has been linked to premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction in males, whereas no data are available regarding the effect of hypoprolactinemia on FSD [27].