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Introduction to the clinical stations
Published in Sukhpreet Singh Dubb, Core Surgical Training Interviews, 2020
A 34-year-old electrician presents to A/E having suffered an electric shock whilst at work. He is fully conscious throughout the event, suffers no chest pain or shortness of breath. However, he was thrown back from the shock and has extreme pain in his left shoulder, which he holds in an adducted and internally rotated position.
Trauma and Poisoning
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Electric shock also causes trauma, including burns at the site of current entry into the body, cardiac arrest from electrical stimulation of cardiac pathways, respiratory paralysis, and even fractures caused by rapid contraction of skeletal muscles.
Deception and Psychosis
Published in Harold V. Hall, Joseph G. Poirier, Detecting Malingering and Deception, 2020
Harold V. Hall, Joseph G. Poirier
Another study utilizing fMRI neural imaging compared men with violent behavior histories (Kumari et al., 2014). The Ss (N = 53) included 14 healthy controls with no violence histories; 13 with schizophrenia, and violence histories, but not with comorbid anti-social personality disorder diagnoses; 13 schizophrenics without violent histories; and 13 with anti-social personality disorder diagnoses and histories of serious violence. The design involved exposure to “safe” and “fear of electric shock” conditions. The 30 experimental Ss were exposed to a sample, mild, preelectric shock designed to engender fear anticipation. No actual shocks were administered during the MRI scanning sequence. The mild sample shock was intended to serve as a stimulus engendering fear anticipation. Appropriate ethical considerations were followed, to include prior written consents from each of the Ss.
Effects of intermediate frequency electromagnetic fields: a review of animal studies
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2023
Hae-June Lee, Hee Jin, Young Hwan Ahn, Nam Kim, Jeong Ki Pack, Hyung-Do Choi, Yun-Sil Lee
Several thermal and non-thermal endpoints have been established to evaluate how IF-EMF (mainly electric fields) affect biological systems. Basic restriction for the general population and occupational exposure is determined based on the minimal exposure required to elicit any observable adverse effects (thermal or non-thermal). Exposure to high IF-EMF levels at relatively high frequencies can cause thermal damage (a slow process when tissues are kept hot for long periods); however, the most obvious risk in this frequency is that of cell membrane stimulation. This non-thermal effect is linked to changes in the membrane potential induced by external EMF exposure and may affect/stimulate peripheral nerves and muscle cells, to name a few examples. Another mechanism is electroporation, which is defined as a reversible or irreversible disruption of the cell membrane that occurs when IF-EMFs induce a large potential difference across the cell membrane. Although this phenomenon can cause tissue damage by electric shock, its therapeutic applications are also being studied, as short electric pulses could allow for better drug penetration in human tissues. External IF-EMF exposure can only have these effects on the human body at intensities much higher than normal environmental exposure.
Management of periocular cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion: a case series and literature review
Published in Orbit, 2022
Thomas J. E. Clark, Gerald J. Harris
In the evaluation of patients with suspicious periocular cutaneous lesions, especially those overlying named branches of the trigeminal system (e.g., infraorbital, supraorbital, zygomaticotemporal, or zygomaticofacial nerves), symptoms and signs of PNI should be elicited. These include paresthesias (e.g. formication, burning, tingling, shooting/stabbing or “electric shock” sensation), frank pain, hypesthesia, anesthesia, and/or motor weakness.3,40 These queries should be made both at the initial visit and in post-treatment follow-up, since neurologic symptoms may precede visual evidence of tumor recurrence.40 It should be noted, however, that neurologic symptoms are typically late findings, since the distensibility of potential peri- and endoneural spaces generally prevents compressive effects until there has been substantial tumor expansion.3 External examination should include assessment of deep fixation to periosteum/bone and palpation of regional lymph nodes. Palpable lymphadenopathy should prompt imaging and referral to a head and neck surgeon for possible fine-needle aspiration or core biopsy. Risk factors for SCC, including history of organ transplantation, immune compromise (e.g. lymphoproliferative disorder, HIV-AIDS, pharmacologic immunosuppression), and xeroderma pigmentosum should be elicited.24
Exposure to occupational hazards among bakers and their coping mechanisms in Ghana
Published in Cogent Medicine, 2020
Winifred Serwaa Bonsu, Dina Adei, Williams Agyemang-Duah
In Ghana, the baking industry is an essential sub-sector of the economy. The sector plays a vital role in employment creation and income generation. This implies that bakers contribute to their livelihoods, their communities and the country at large (Amponsah-Tawiah & Dartey-Baah, 2011). Despite the enormous contribution, the baking industry, like other occupations is prone to occupational health and safety challenges (Joshua et al., 2017). Doaa et al. (2017) highlighted that bakery poses several hazards to the health of its workers. These hazards include electric shock, fall/explosion, cuts, burns, skin irritation, muscle problems, chest tightness, cough, catarrh, sneezing and symptoms of asthma (Joshua et al., 2017). Because of this, baking as an economic activity exposes workers to work injuries and diseases that affect the production and productivity, which translates into low incomes (Stoia & Oancea, 2008; Yossif & Abd Elaal, 2012). Further, occupational injuries and diseases among workers result in absenteeism, reduces the ability of households to earn income and affect the local and national economy (Doaa et al., 2017).