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Anesthesia Monitoring and Management
Published in Michele Barletta, Jane Quandt, Rachel Reed, Equine Anesthesia and Pain Management, 2023
Catastrophic injury in recovery is also sometimes cited as the leading cause of mortality. A contributing factor to catastrophic injury is myopathy due to compromised perfusion during the anesthetic event. The incidence of myopathy is increased in patients that suffer prolonged hypotension under anesthesia.
Reclaiming my innocent body
Published in Patricia A. Murphy, A Career and Life Planning Guide for Women Survivors:, 2020
Catastrophic Injuries Resulting from Traumatic Abuse (e.g., As a result of battering, rape, childhood assault, I became paraplegic. I have a traumatic brain injury. I lost my sight, my hearing. My arms were amputated. My throat was cut.) My experience of catastrophic injury is:
Equestrian Sports
Published in Mark R. Lovell, Ruben J. Echemendia, Jeffrey T. Barth, Michael W. Collins, Traumatic Brain Injury in Sports, 2020
Donna K. Broshek, Amy M. Brazil, Jason R. Freeman, Jeffrey T. Barth
Although the old adage says “if you fall off a horse, get right back on again,” this is the worst possible advice for an equestrian who has sustained a concussion or more severe head injury. The American Academy of Neurology has published guidelines to protect athletes from further serious and catastrophic injury following even mild sports related head injuries (1997). Other researchers in the area of head injury have suggested other guidelines, primarily based upon professional and expert consensus (e.g., Cantu, 1998b). Despite subtle differences among various guidelines, they each have classification of the severity of injury as the primary goal. This classification is generally derived from considering such variables as the length, if any, of loss of consciousness and/or post traumatic amnesia, as well as the presence and persistence of neurological symptoms, such as headache, dizziness, and nausea following the incident. These variables, and particularly their duration, are then used to establish the guidelines for how long an athlete should refrain from any activity that risks a second, even mild, head injury.
Rationalising neurosurgical head injury referrals: development and validation of the Liverpool Head Injury Tomography Score (Liverpool HITS) for mild TBI
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2020
Conor S. Gillespie, Christopher M. Mcleavy, Abdurrahman I. Islim, Sarah Prescott, Catherine J. McMahon
The sensitivity is very high, which indicates that the scoring system is able to delineate what a ‘surgically significant’ mild TBI is, in addition to reducing the number of inappropriate referrals. This means that the score is highly unlikely to miss any surgically significant injuries and thus will recommend referral for almost all injuries that go on to be transferred to a neurosurgical centre. The specificity is not high which indicates that the score becomes less accurate for predicting need for admission due to TBI as the mean score increases. Analysing our admissions data, this was mainly due to the presence of patients that were deemed ‘not appropriate for neurosurgical intervention’ whether this be due to catastrophic injury, increasing age or multiple co-morbidities. In this situation, patients would score highly on initial assessment but not be accepted by a centre, creating a false positive result. These patients will therefore often be rejected by the centre for reasons not linked to the severity and score of the mild TBI.
MiR-25 protects PC-12 cells from H2O2 mediated oxidative damage via WNT/β-catenin pathway
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2018
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a dreaded injury with an incidence rate of 23 new cases per million as estimated in 2007.12 Since ancient times SCI was known as a catastrophic injury to the spinal cord.13 Recovery (even partial) was considered to be impossible, until David and Aguayo in 1981 demonstrated in adult rat models that following focal central nervous system injury axonal regeneration is possible to some extent under specific circumstances with the use of peripheral nerve segments as “bridges”.14 The pathogenesis of SCI is a rather complex one involving the neurons, vessels and the immune system.13 The underlying pathogenesis takes time develop; usually months after the initial trauma.15,16 The pathogenesis can be discussed under two phases; the primary mechanism involves the initial mechanical injury followed by the secondary phase mediated by alteration vascular abnormality, change in biochemical processes and ultimately inflammatory damage and apoptosis of the neurons.16
Accessing healthcare as a person with a rugby-related spinal cord injury in South Africa: the injured player’s perspective
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Marelise Badenhorst, Evert Verhagen, Mike Lambert, Willem van Mechelen, James Brown
Health-related factors have previously been identified as an important contributor to quality of life (World Health Organization, 2013). Health is also the basis for every person’s participation in society, including the right to education, employment, and social participation (Sherry, 2015). Therefore, as health status influences SES and vice versa, and also the inter-generational transmission of SES, access to quality healthcare may play a role in perpetuating inequality in a country with vast socio-economic disparity (Ataguba, Akazili, and McIntyre, 2011; McLaren, Ardington, and Leibbrandt, 2014). Every effort should be made to facilitate healthcare to optimize quality of life in SCI patients. Similarly, from a sports medicine perspective, a recent editorial promoted the duty of care that clinicians, clubs and governing bodies have in the long-term health outcomes of professional football players (Carmody et al., 2018). The findings of this study, in our view, extend this responsibility and duty of care to amateur athletes and especially, athletes who suffer a permanent, life changing disability by playing their sport. Sporting bodies have an opportunity to improve the quality of life of these athletes by considering the myriad of healthcare factors requiring intervention, as was presented in this study. The issue of health insurance for all players sustaining a catastrophic injury (including SCIs) also requires consideration. However, assisting in strategies to create alternative forms of financial self-sufficiency may be the most crucial to create relief from at least some of the healthcare barriers experienced and importantly, to provide choice and financial independence.