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Dermatologic diseases and pregnancy
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Holly Edmonds, Dana Ward, Ann G. Martin, Susana Leal-Khouri
Lynfield reported an increased proportion of anagen hair follicles (growth phase) during pregnancy, which is thought to be secondary to a decreased rate of conversion of anagen to telogen hairs (resting phase), producing a thicker than normal growth (26). This increased proportion of anagen to telogen hairs is due to the increased estrogen levels during pregnancy, which prolong the anagen phase (4). The mean percentage of anagen hairs in the first trimester is comparable with the nonpregnant state at 85% and is increased to 95% by the second trimester (26). Postpartum, a greater than usual number of hairs enter the telogen phase manifesting clinically as a sudden increased shedding of telogen hairs, known as telogen effluvium. Telogen effluvium begins classically 3 months after delivery, but may start 1 to 5 months postpartum and usually persists for approximately 1 year with complete regrowth by 15 months. The causes of telogen effluvium include the stress of delivery and changes in postpartum hormone balance. There is an abrupt decrease in estrogen after delivery probably leading to the dramatic shift from anagen to telogen phase. Lynfield found the percentage of anagen hairs dropped from 95% to 76% shortly after delivery. Therapy involves reassurance, with most patients returning to baseline hair growth and thickness within 1 to 2 years.
Skin disease
Published in Catherine Nelson-Piercy, Handbook of Obstetric Medicine, 2020
Hair loss (telogen effluvium). This is a normal feature of the postpartum period, occurring in most women at between 4 and 20 weeks after delivery. It results from the increased conversion of hairs from the anagen (growing) to telogen (resting) phase, following the increased proportion of hairs in the anagen phase during pregnancy. Hair is lost diffusely, but recovery is usual within 6 months.
Geriatric hair and scalp disorders
Published in Robert A. Norman, Geriatric Dermatology, 2020
Disturbances in normal cycling occur in response to numerous insults. Postpartum hair loss22,23, nutritional causes including protein and iron deficiency5,24, and oral contraceptive use predominate in the premenopausal female. Telogen effluvium in younger males is uncommon.
Systematic review of mesotherapy: a novel avenue for the treatment of hair loss
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2023
Aditya K. Gupta, Shruthi Polla Ravi, Tong Wang, Mesbah Talukder, Michela Starace, Bianca Maria Piraccini
A total of 416 records were obtained from the literature search, of which 27 were found to be eligible and included in the systematic review (Figure 1). Of the 27 included studies, 19 studies report on the regrowth of hair using mesotherapy (Tables 1 and 2) and 8 studies (case series and case reports, Table 3) discuss the occurrence of adverse effects due to mesotherapy. Among the 19 studies reporting on hair regrowth, 10 were randomized controlled trials, 1 was a non-randomized controlled trial, 4 were prospective cohort or observational studies, 2 were retrospective studies, and 2 were case reports. Pattern hair loss or androgenetic alopecia (AGA) was found to be the primary hair loss disorder treated using mesotherapy (18/19) in the studies discussing hair regrowth, while telogen effluvium (TE) was less common (1/19). The geographical locations of the study sites are summarized in Figure 2. A number of agents were administered via mesotherapy to treat hair loss. In the following subsections, these agents, their regimens, efficacies and safety will be discussed.
Phospholipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticle-mediated transfollicular delivery of quercetin: prospective implement for the treatment of androgenic alopecia
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Lenin Das, Monika Kaurav, Ravi Shankar Pandey
Oral finasteride and topical minoxidil are the only approved drugs for management of AGA. Topical minoxidil shortens telogen, causing premature entry of resting HFs into the anagen phase. Finasteride is a 5a-reductase type II inhibitor, it prevents the conversion of testosterone to DHT. Both drugs have few adverse effects even in therapeutic dosages, which cannot be ignored looking into the need for the long-term treatment. Minoxidil causes contact dermatitis, facial hypertrichosis, and a temporary hair shedding. Telogen effluvium also has been reported after treatment cessation [7,8]. An important adverse effect of finasteride is erectile dysfunction, the absolute increased risk of about 1.5%. This adverse effect may continue for several years even after treatment [9], causing anxiety and mood disturbance and affecting the patient's quality of life [10].
Randomized controlled trial on a PRP-like cosmetic, biomimetic peptides based, for the treatment of alopecia areata
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2019
Fabio Rinaldi, Barbara Marzani, Daniela Pinto, Elisabetta Sorbellini
Normally, a biomimetic peptide is an oligopeptide (10–15 aa) that provides similar efficacy of natural or recombinant growth factors but reduce cost and owns more stability. By mean of biotechnological development, a wide range of biomimetic peptides has been developed since the beginning of 2000. Since their birth, these novel discovered molecules represented a very promising application with regard to skin and dermatological applications (45). Several kinds of biomimetic peptides are currently available on the market. They include signal peptides (46,47), carrier peptides (48,49) and also specific peptides targeting hair such as tripeptide-copper complex (50), 5-aminolevulinic acid-GHK (ALAVAX) (51) Octapeptide-2 (52,53), Decapeptide P3 (54) and Sh-polypeptide 9 (55). In a previous randomized trial on 40 women affected by chronic telogen effluvium, we have evaluated the efficacy of a pool of selected mimicking growth factors (IGF 10%, EGF 10%), included in a topical formulation, in preventing dermal papilla apoptosis, prolong anagen phase and delaying catagen and telogen (56).