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Differential Diagnosis
Published in Vineet Relhan, Vijay Kumar Garg, Sneha Ghunawat, Khushbu Mahajan, Comprehensive Textbook on Vitiligo, 2020
Hemant Kumar Kar, Gunjan Verma
Pityriasis alba: Pityriasis alba is another common dermatosis characterized by hypopigmentation, presenting with pale-white, well- to moderately defined, very slightly scaling plaques. A relationship with sun exposure, xerosis cutis, and atopy has been suggested. This disease is usually reported in children between 6 and 16 years old, with lesions typically occurring in the face and upper arms. On histological examination, a normal presence of melanocytes and melanin is seen.
Skin disorders causing post-inflammatory hypopigmentation
Published in Electra Nicolaidou, Clio Dessinioti, Andreas D. Katsambas, Hypopigmentation, 2019
Polytimi Sidiropoulou, Dimitrios Sgouros, Dimitris Rigopoulos
Apart from the aforementioned clinical features, the presence of other morphological signs, such as scaling, epidermal atrophy, alopecia, induration, and infiltration, may address the underlying condition. The presence of epidermal changes is a clue toward skin diseases that disrupt the normal turnover of the epidermis. The presence of fine scaling may be suggestive of pityriasis alba. If hypopigmentation is related to epidermal atrophy, LS, morphea, and the hypopigmented variant of MF are to be considered. If induration occurs, it indicates the presence of dense collagen, which characterizes LS and morphea.2,3,12
Disorders of pigmentation
Published in Aimilios Lallas, Enzo Errichetti, Dimitrios Ioannides, Dermoscopy in General Dermatology, 2018
Sidharth Sonthalia, Atula Gupta, Abhijeet Kumar Jha, Rashmi Sarkar, Balachandra Suryakant Ankad
The dermoscopy of pityriasis alba in skin of color is similar to that visible in fair skin, with ill-demarcated whitish areas and fine lamellar/branny scaling being the most common features. However, in dark-skinned patients, it is possible to observe areas of light brown pigmentation within the whitish areas possibly representing islands of normally pigmented skin (Figure 17.31) (author’s personal observations). Moreover, focally distributed dotted vessels, which may sometimes be appreciated in lighter phototypes, are not usually present (author’s personal observations).
Postinflammatory hypopigmentation: a comprehensive review of treatments
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Pamela N. Madu, Nicole Syder, Nada Elbuluk
Phototherapy, particularly narrow band UVB (nbUVB), is a therapy used in the treatment of several conditions of hypopigmentation and depigmentation (28–30). With a peak wavelength of 311 nm, nbUVB promotes pigmentation by stimulation of melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH), and increasing the proliferation, differentiation and migration of melanocytes (31). The 308 nm excimer laser has been used successfully in the treatment of vitiligo, nevus depigmentosus, idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis, and pityriasis alba (32–35). It has also demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of postinflammatory hypopigmentation (11). The excimer laser emits a wavelength of 308 nm UVB produced by xenon and chlorine gas and induces the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of melanocytes (36). A retrospective review of 12 patients with postinflammatory hypopigmentation secondary to lichen striatus and treated with excimer laser demonstrated complete response in 11 out of 12 patients (91.7%) after a median of 3 months and 17 treatment sessions (11). A study of 31 patients with hypopigmented scars or striae alba, assessed the efficacy of twice weekly nbUVB on these lesions compared to untreated lesions and normal skin. On visual and colorimetric assessment, mean pigment correction was 60–70% and 100% respectively after 9 treatments. However, after 6 months, pigment returned to baseline levels of hypopigmentation (5).
308-nm excimer laser: a hopeful and optional therapy for pityriasis versicolor
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Fathia M. Khattab, Farida H. Omran
Regarding the excimer laser, it is effective in the treatment of pityriasis alba, vitiligo (9), post resurfacing leukoderma (10), early-stage mycosis fungoides (11), oral lichen planus (12), atopic dermatitis (13), and alopecia areata (14). Unlike the narrow-band ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy and psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) phototherapy, the modality of 308-nm laser excimer can treat a single damaged skin patch selectively, save undisturbed regions, and achieve a clinical enhancement in less time (15).
Pityriasis alba: toward an effective treatment
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Hossam M. Abdel-Wahab, Maha H. Ragaie
Pityriasis alba (PA) is a common, benign skin disorder occurring predominantly in children and adolescents (1). It affects about 1% of the general population and approximately 9.9% of the children population (2). The name refers to its appearance: pityriasis (fine scales) and alba (pale hypopigmented macules or patches). Atopic history was accounted for in many patients; therefore PA may be considered a minor manifestation of atopic dermatitis where pruritus is exceptional and mild (1).