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Ichthyosis Vulgaris
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Exfoliation: Management includes the application of over-the-counter products containing urea, lactic acid, or topical glycolic acid (4%40%) applied to the affected areas bid or a low concentration of salicylic acid (6%) gel twice daily to remove dead skin. Mild acidic compounds help skin shed its dead skin cells. Urea helps bind moisture to skin.2 The skin may also be rubbed with a pumice stone.3
Psoriasis
Published in K. Gupta, P. Carmichael, A. Zumla, 100 Short Cases for the MRCP, 2020
K. Gupta, P. Carmichael, A. Zumla
Excessive exfoliation may even lead to loss of protein, iron and folate. The term 'guttate psoriasis' is used when psoriatic areas are seen all over the body, usually after a few weeks of streptococcal sore throat. 'Pustular psoriasis' is characterized by the presence of numerous sterile pustules, an acute episode of fever, chills, leucocytosis, hypocalcaemia and hypoalbuminaemia. This form of psoriasis requires urgent treatment.
Microdermabrasion and Dermabrasion
Published in Antonella Tosti, Maria Pia De Padova, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Kenneth R. Beer, Acne Scars, 2018
Annie Chiu, Deirdre Hooper, Katherine O. Brag
Mechanical skin resurfacing, which includes dermabrasion and microdermabrasion, involves using a handheld abrading instrument to remove layers of epidermis. The physical exfoliation process injures the skin, thereby triggering the stages of wound healing. By abrading atrophic or hypertrophic skin and inducing inflammation, re-epithelialization, fibroplasia, and collagen remodeling, the appearance of acne scars may improve. Dermabrasion, a more invasive and technically difficult procedure, involves the removal of skin down to the level of the papillary dermis. Microdermabrasion, a less aggressive technique, involves abrasion of the superficial epidermis only.
Crafting two-dimensional materials for contrast agents, drug, and heat delivery applications through green technologies
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2023
Dwi Setyawan, Tahta Amrillah, Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah, Fasih Bintang Ilhami, Diva Meisya Maulina Dewi, Zuhra Mumtazah, Agustina Oktafiani, Fayza Putri Adila, Moch Falah Hani Putra
Corn husk is the outer part that covers corn which contains plenty of carbon and hence can be converted into porous carbon or graphene-like structure. Recently, by using Hummers’ method, the nitrogen-doped graphene-like porous carbon (NGPC) could be realised. The overall method is started by crushing dried corn husk into a powder and then carried through the thermal annealing process. Thus, the obtained sample is graphene with a wrinkled handkerchief structure and chemically contains carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. However, there is a flaw that is unable to achieve a theoretically specific surface area and properly isolated graphene sheets due to the thermal instability which results in partial exfoliation and agglomeration in graphene structure [57]. The partial exfoliation could be solved by synthesis methods that can facilitate stronger exfoliation, for instance by microwave-assisted [74]. Proper choice of solvent used during the exfoliation is also required to be carried out carefully, by using a bio-solvent, such as plant or fruit extract like pomegranate juice, that not only could act as an exfoliation agent, but also act as a good capping agent [75].
Treatment challenges in adult female acne and future directions
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Edileia Bagatin, Marco Alexandre Dias da Rocha, Thais Helena Proença Freitas, Caroline Sousa Costa
Skincare and dermocosmetics, including make-up, should be part of the therapeutic regimen for all clinical forms and severity of AFA [167–170]. A recent guideline about non-prescription acne treatment and skincare for AFA included noncomedogenic and mild cleansers (pH 4–6), moisturizers, and photoprotection [165]. Their role has become a topic of interest to physicians as they may improve adherence to treatment, reducing skin irritation, and improving patient outcomes [171–174]. The skin barrier damage in AFA is well known [8]. It is not clear if it is a characteristic of acne-prone skin or if the disease and the topical medications are the main causes. The repair of cutaneous barrier is also considered essential for the balance of skin microbiome. Daily use of noncomedogenic moisturizers and avoiding frequent skin exfoliation are relevant measures. The better-evaluated substances are [169] keratolytic (salicylic acid, lipohydroxyacid, alpha-hydroxyacids, retinol, retinaldehyde) and anti-inflammatory (niacinamide; alfa-linoleic acid, zinc, and antioxidants).
The clinical features and reproductive prognosis of ovarian neoplasms with hyperandrogenemia: a retrospective analysis of 33 cases
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2019
Shan Shu, Shan Deng, Jie Qin Tian, Rong Chen, Jun Ai Sun, Qi Yu, Feng Zhu Liu, Li Rong Huang, Ya Ling Pan, Xin Jia Yang, Bo Qing Fan, Yuan Hai Liu
In these cases, 49% of the patients (16/33) had malignant or malignant potential tumors, only one patient underwent ovarian cancer staging surgery and three received adjuvant chemotherapy. Even so, no recurrence was noted during the 1–8-year follow-up. Eighty-two percent patients who had desire to get pregnant achieved satisfactory reproductive outcomes. Therefore, ovarian tumors characterized by hyperandrogenemia have good overall biological behavior and good prognosis. For patients requiring fertility preservation, unilateral accessory resection is feasible. It is important to avoid rupture of tumor which can cause iatrogenic spread of the malignancy. Many of these tumors are invisible from the outside; the enlarged ovary has a smooth cortex, and the internal tumors are soft or fragile, without clear boundaries from the surrounding tissue. Thus, excision is superior to exfoliation.