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Approach to Retinal Vascular Disease
Published in Anita Prasad, Laser Techniques in Ophthalmology, 2022
CRVO and HRVOs present with acute painless visual loss and have similar clinical course and pathophysiology. Visual loss is due to macular oedema, intra-retinal haemorrhage, macular, or neovascularization causing vitreous bleed. The prognosis varies based on site and type of occlusion (ischaemic or non-ischaemic). In general, a more-distal, non-ischaemic occlusion has a better prognosis than a proximal, ischaemic blockage. Occasionally, an RVO may occur concurrently with a retinal artery occlusion.
Complications of open repair of femoral and popliteal aneurysms
Published in Sachinder Singh Hans, Mark F. Conrad, Vascular and Endovascular Complications, 2021
Farah Mohammad, Mitchell Weaver
The diagnosis of graft occlusion can be typically made on physical exam by loss of graft as well as distal pulses, and can be confirmed with duplex ultrasound. Both CT angiography as well as catheter-based angiography can confirm graft occlusion as well as add additional assessment of inflow and outflow arteries. In appropriate candidates, catheter-directed thrombolysis may be initiated at the time of catheter-directed angiography if the graft thrombosis is believed to be relatively acute. This allows for possible salvage of the graft and possible exposure of an underlying lesion that led to the graft, which can then be treated in order to prevent recurrent thrombosis. Additional treatment options would include an attempt at surgical graft thrombectomy, and after assessing for an underlying culprit lesion that can be treated, or performing a redo bypass after identifying appropriate inflow and outflow arteries as well as adequate conduit.
Predictors of Uterine Rupture and Recurrence after Myomectomy
Published in Rooma Sinha, Arnold P. Advincula, Kurian Joseph, FIBROID UTERUS Surgical Challenges in Minimal Access Surgery, 2020
Vascular occlusion. With regard to optimal hemostatic technique in LM, the role of temporary bilateral uterine artery occlusion alone or in combination with utero-ovarian vessel occlusion compared with no vascular occlusion was assessed in 200 patients undergoing an LM. No difference in recurrence rates was found at 30-month follow-up. Furthermore, no statistical difference was noted in anti-Müllerian hormone between the groups preoperatively or at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively [44]. A better hemostasis during the myomectomy may allow a more efficient eradication of smaller residual ULs. However, there is currently no convincing biological rationale for reduction in recurrence rate associated with uterine artery occlusion at the index surgery. Sanders et al. analyzed 25 studies involving 2871 patients on uterine artery occlusion at the time of myomectomy and reported to have found a significantly reduced fibroid recurrence rate [45]. However, these results should be interpreted with caution as fibroid recurrence was evaluated as a secondary outcome whereas only a small number of the included studies reported data on recurrence rates and the follow-up time was relatively short. It is noteworthy that there are no data on long-term reproductive implications.
Rebound sign: a case report and review of literature
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2022
Yuehai Wang, Changpeng Zhai, Yuqiang Zhang, Guangyong Huang, Shengjun Ma
When proximal LAD was occluded, the patient’s life was threatened. After symptom relief, angiography showed that the occlusion had been relieved, the vascular wall was smooth and there was no obvious stenosis. Therefore, we concluded that during the course of angiography, the patient suffered from acute embolism of the proximal LAD. According to the evidence that the operator forgot to empty the air in the tube, we concluded that the embolus was air. However, we still wonder: why cannot we see bubbles in the image? Before the injection of contrast agent, the operator did not empty the air in the catheter, which directly caused a large amount of air to enter the LCA before the contrast agent. Therefore, the bubbles that had entered the coronary artery could not be found in the contrast agent, and we could only see the occlusion of the proximal part of LAD and the slow blood flow at the distal end of LCX. The compression of MB toward the middle of LAD prevented the air embolus from advancing along the blood vessel. In addition, the angle between LCX and left main artery (LM) is larger than that between LAD and LM (Video S1–S3), so air was easier to enter LAD and formed large embolus to block the proximal LAD.
Visual acuity increase in meridional amblyopia by exercises with moving gratings as compared to stationary gratings
Published in Strabismus, 2022
Uwe Kämpf, Svetlana Rychkova, Ron Lehnert, Evelyn Heim, Felix Muchamedjarow
Amblyopia is one of the most common ophthalmological disorders in young patients, with a prevalence of 5%–6%.1 While affected children who are not treated timely in childhood have an impact on their daily activities and future job selection when they grow up, they also have an increased risk of severe trauma for the better eye2 and an increased chance of bilateral visual impairment later in life.3 Since Sattler4 re-introduced the method of occlusion into the practice of applied strabology, that is, the patching of the fellow sound eye, it has been indisputably accepted as the gold standard of modern amblyopia therapy. Early initiation of occlusion and adherence to it persistently are two important factors that influence the effectiveness of this treatment. It has been shown that delayed diagnosis and treatment results in poor outcomes.5
Associations between Bolton ratio and overjet deviations in a Finnish adult population
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2021
Heini Turtinen, Millamari Sarja, Jussi Hyvärinen, Paavo Pirhonen, Paula Pesonen, Pertti Pirttiniemi, Anna-Sofia Silvola
The subjects with clinically measured normal occlusion were selected for further analysis. Normal occlusion was defined as meeting the following criteria: overjet 2 mm, overbite 2 mm, no cross-bite or scissor-bite (n = 204). To exclude the subjects with other deviations from normal occlusion, the 3D scans were scored using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) [22]. DHC scoring was performed by one author (AS), who was calibrated for the use of IOTN. The DHC scores range from 1 to 5, higher scores indicating greater need of orthodontic treatment. The subjects whose DHC was 3 or more and those with missing teeth from second premolar to second premolar were excluded (n = 40) from the normal occlusion group. In addition, the subjects with self-reported orthodontic treatment history (n = 15) were excluded from the final analysis. The final normal occlusion group comprised 149 subjects (62 male, 87 female). Digital measurements were performed with Ortho Analyzer™ software (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark).