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Experimental Stomatology
Published in Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy, Handbook of Experimental Stomatology, 2020
Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy
Vogel and Deasy98 studied the preventive effect of folic acid on experimentally produced gingivitis in 16 volunteer dental students. The students were given a thorough dental prophylaxis and placed on a strict home care regimen to remove dental plaque. They were randomized into two groups of eight each 10 days later. The test group was given 2 mg of crystalline folic acid daily; the control group received a placebo. Gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation were assessed and the students instructed to stop using oral hygiene procedures for one half of the mouth while continuing care for the other half. On day 14 they were reassessed, and hygiene was reinstituted for 14 days when a third examination was made.
Over-the-Counter Whitening Strips
Published in Linda Greenwall, Tooth Whitening Techniques, 2017
Robert W. Gerlach, Britta E. Magnuson, Gerard Kugel
Looking back is enabled by a supplement to Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry that was published just before the surprise Crest Whitestrips announcement in Orlando in June 2000. Some of the research remains consistent with the evidence available today. For example, early research on peroxide kinetics during tray-based whitening showed peroxide retention over 2 hours or more, even without use of reservoirs (Matis 2000), whereas other studies showed tray-based whitening to be safe and positively received, even under conditions of extended use (Leonard 2000). Other reports seem archaic. For example, use of tooth whitening products in children was described via an unpublished case report (Haywood 2000), reports of unsafe whitening were confined to two minor case studies without adequate peer review (Li 2000), and some credentialing guidelines advocated use of subjective shade guides plus plaque and gingivitis measurements (Siew 2000). In one of the most telling reports, prognosticators did not anticipate easy-to-use whitening strips, forecasting instead use of surfactants, anticalculus agents, and other ingredients in whitening toothpastes as a future whitening technology to maintain clean teeth between dental prophylaxis visits (Viscio et al. 2000).
Infective Endocarditis
Published in Karim Ratib, Gurbir Bhatia, Neal Uren, James Nolan, Emergency Cardiology, 2010
Karim Ratib, Gurbir Bhatia, Neal Uren, James Nolan
Prophylaxis is also advised in surgery involving the upper respiratory tract, nasal packing/intubation (Flucloxacillin 1 g IV or clindamycin 600 mg IV if penicillin allergic) and for cosmetic piercing of the tongue or oral mucosa (as per dental prophylaxis). It is not recommended for bronchoscopy.
Prevalence of bacteraemia following dental extraction – efficacy of the prophylactic use of amoxicillin and clindamycin
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2021
Emilia Marttila, Lotta Grönholm, Mikko Saloniemi, Riina Rautemaa-Richardson
The majority of the patients in this study were considered having elevated risk for infection complication and AMX/AMP was the most common drug of choice. CLI was administered to patients allergic to penicillin as well as when the risk was considered moderate with the aim of covering broader range of oral bacteria. Unfortunately, the subgroup of patients receiving no AP and CLI remained small decreasing the statistical power of our results. The decision whether AP is administered is based on the immunological and medical status of the patient, the infection status of the operation site and invasiveness of the procedure. The majority of patients seen at our Department have complex medical histories and many are immunocompromised, and, thus, require AP. Further research is needed regarding the identification of the patients ‘at risk’ that benefit from AP prior to dental procedures. It is acknowledged that the cumulative burden of daily oral activities play a significant role in the risk for community acquired IE. However, on the ethical point of view, dental as well as other medical procedures conducted by health care professionals should not increase the patient’s risk for IE or other distant site infections as there is evidence on the effect of AP in prevention of post-procedural bacteraemia and consequently IE. On the other hand, accountable and research-based use of antimicrobial agents is essential to minimize development of resistance. Stopping the use of ineffective antibiotics like clindamycin in dental prophylaxis is an obvious first step in antibiotic stewardship in dentistry.
Impact of frequency of denture cleaning on microbial and clinical parameters – a bench to chairside approach
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2019
Gordon Ramage, Lindsay O’Donnell, Leighann Sherry, Shauna Culshaw, Jeremy Bagg, Marta Czesnikiewicz-Guzik, Clare Brown, Debbie McKenzie, Laura Cross, Andrew MacInnes, David Bradshaw, Roshan Varghese, Paola Gomez Pereira, Anto Jose, Susmita Sanyal, Douglas Robertson
Study flow is detailed in Figure 2. At screening, participants provided written informed consent and eligibility was assessed. They received a dental prophylaxis and a denture prophylaxis of the maxillary complete denture; zero plaque and stain scores were confirmed by post-prophylaxis assessments. At the first study visit (Day 0) participants were assigned to a study treatment sequence order (1:1) in accordance with the randomisation schedule provided by the Biostatistics Department of GSK Consumer Healthcare. Randomisation numbers were assigned in ascending numerical order as each participant was determined to be fully eligible and consented for inclusion. All participants used supplied alkaline peroxide-based denture cleansing tablets (Corega® Tabs Dental Weiss für Racher [Denture Whitening for Smokers], German marketed product). The Daily Use group used one tablet per day (with supervised use at the site on Days 0, 3 and 7). The Weekly Use group used one tablet on Day 7 (supervised use at site on Day 7).
The anti-inflammatory effect of locally delivered nano-doxycycline gel in therapy of chronic periodontitis
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2018
Marwa Madi, Verica Pavlic, Wael Samy, Adel Alagl
The demographic characteristics were summarized in Table 1. Table 2 provides comparative p values between the healthy and therapy groups (multiple comparisons to provide insight into the differences in periodontal clinical parameters between treatment groups). The PI showed improvement in all groups at 1 and 3 months follow-up; however, no significant difference was observed between groups (Table 2). Regarding GI, there was no statistically significant difference between all groups at the baseline; however, at one month and three months, there was statistically significant difference between mean GI in group I when compared to both, group II and group III. There was also a statistically significant difference between mean % reduction in GI after three months in relation to group I and group II when compared to group III (Table 2). As expected, PI and GI data demonstrate clearly that dental prophylaxis improved the clinical measures of gingival health during follow-up, in such way that the measured periodontal parameters shifted toward health.