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Role of Environmental Toxicants and Inflammation in Parkinson’s Disease
Published in Abhai Kumar, Debasis Bagchi, Antioxidants and Functional Foods for Neurodegenerative Disorders, 2021
Biddut Deb Nath, Dipti Debnath, Rokeya Pervin, Md. Akil Hossain
Mercury, in the form of elements and salts, is found in many domestic and dental amalgam materials. Before the 1970s,219 organic methylmercury was widely used in paints and fungicides. Bioconcentrates of methylmercury have been found in several species of salt water fish as well as in those who ingest these fishes.220 Mercury does not have widely recognized physiological function. Its neurotoxic effects are possibly due to excitotoxicity induced by glutamates,221 degradation of antioxidants such as GSH, and strong oxidative effects.222 Epidemiological findings examined limited information for a PD connection. A SPECT imaging analysis of Taiwanese employees in a lamp factory showed a dose-response association between urinary levels of mercury and decreased striatal bonding of dopamine.223 Correspondingly, Ngim and Devathasan224 observed higher rates of mercury in PD than in study participants but more unfavorable findings from other case-control studies.225
Biomaterial, Host, and Microbial Interactions
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Resin composites are the most commonly used restorative materials in dentistry today due to growing demands for tooth-colored restorations, increasing concern regarding exposure to mercury in dental amalgams (Khalichi et al. 2009; Mackert and Berglund 1997), and its varied applications in day-to-day practice (Ferracane 2011). Despite its growing popularity, resin-based composites lack the durability of amalgam fillings and tend to have higher failure rates, primarily due to the development of microleakage along the margins of restorations and subsequent recurrent decay (Bernardo et al. 2007; Murray et al. 2002; Soncini et al. 2007).
Common head and neck viva topics
Published in Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Advanced ENT Training, 2019
Clinical assessment and cross-sectional imaging (CT/MRI) is the cornerstone of pre-operative assessment to accurately stage the disease according to AJCC/UICC staging system. Both imaging modalities are useful in certain scenarios and often combined; CT provides excellent information on bony invasion and MRI provides improved soft tissue resolution. CT images of the primary tumour can be affected significantly by dental amalgam.
Dental caries and risk of newly-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2023
Wuu-Tsun Perng, Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma, Hsin-Yu Hung, Yi-Chieh Tsai, Jing-Yang Huang, Pei-Lun Liao, Yao-Min Hung, James Cheng-Chung Wei
In addition, amalgam has been widely used as restorative material for dental caries management18,19. Adverse effects of amalgam include clinically observed enhanced mercury levels in blood, urine20–25, and teeth25. Moreover, there is evidence that dental amalgam is associated with autoimmune diseases, such as SLE, autoimmune thyroiditis, or multiple sclerosis in vitro22,23. Although amalgam has been gradually replaced by composite resins for dental caries management, they are containing inorganic particles, such as silica26, and xenoestrogens, such as Bisphenol-A (BPA) 4, have also been shown to trigger SLE in cross-sectional27 and in vitro studies4,28. However, there is a lack of longitudinal studies confirming those hypotheses. Therefore, the purpose of this nationwide population-based cohort study was to evaluate the risk of SLE following dental caries and exposure to restorative materials.
Which procedures and materials could be applied for full pulpotomy in permanent mature teeth? A systematic review
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2019
M. Zanini, M. Hennequin, PY. Cousson
Coronal restoration is implicit in the success of the procedure [64]. The results of clinical studies highlight the importance of correctly sealing coronal restorations, with the prosthetic crown and amalgam restorations having the smallest failure rate in comparison to resin composite restorations that increase the risk of full pulpotomy failure [1,3]. Dental amalgams have excellent longevity due to corrosion products that protect against the risk of secondary caries [98]. For environmental reasons, however, many countries decided to limit the use of amalgam in October 2013 [99]. For these reasons, restoration with amalgams can no longer be considered after full pulpotomy. Indirect restoration with crowns or onlays and direct restoration with composite could be indicated for coronal restoration after full pulpotomy. The combination of full pulpotomy with tricalcium silicate cements and CAD/CAM (Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing) coronal restoration crowns could be solutions for a single chairside intervention. The time to place the permanent restoration was shown to be a factor affecting treatment outcome [71]. Indeed, the association between the delayed placement of restoration and unfavourable outcomes has been detected in this clinical study [64]. So, a definitive coronal restoration is recommended as soon as possible after a full pulpotomy.
Validity and responsiveness of GHC-index in patients with amalgam-attributed health complaints
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2022
Admassu N. Lamu, Bjarne Robberstad, Harald J. Hamre, Terje Alræk, Frauke Musial, Lars Björkman
Some limitations of this study must be considered. Due to the small sample size, variability in parameter estimates were relatively wide. Nonetheless, the presence of statistically significant results indicate that the study provided good evidence about the reliability and usefulness of the instruments applied. The patients in the amalgam cohort had to send an application to the study office to be included in the study and their inclusion in the study was subject to several selection criteria, including the desire to have their amalgam restorations removed [14]. Thus, the findings of this analysis may not be generalizable to MUPS patients without amalgam restorations nor to patients who do not attribute their health complaints to dental amalgam.