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Scientific Rationale for the Use of Single Herb Remedies in Ayurveda
Published in D. Suresh Kumar, Ayurveda in the New Millennium, 2020
S. Ajayan, R. Ajith Kumar, Nirmal Narayanan
After administration of the drug for a month it was observed that the excretion of urinary calcium was reduced to a great extent, while the excretion of sodium and magnesium increased significantly. On plotting the electrolyte values on a triangular graph, a shifting of values towards the non-lithogenic zone was observed. The drug is thus found to alter the relative proportions of calcium, magnesium and sodium which participate in calculus formation (Deshpande et al 1982).
The gastrointestinal system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Sharon J. White, Francis A. Carey
Dental caries and periodontal disease (non-specific inflammation of the supporting tissues related to the teeth), probably the most common diseases of humankind, are caused principally by oral bacteria. A highly complex bacterial flora is found in saliva, adherent to the epithelium, and in deposits on tooth surfaces. The dental plaque on teeth consists of many types of bacteria in an organic matrix of salivary and bacterial origin. This may calcify to form dental calculus.
Gastrointestinal tract and salivary glands
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
In some patients, atypical anatomical variation in the architecture of the duct itself can result in obstructive sialadenitis. The initial examination of the patient’s condition may be confined to ultrasound or a combination of an ultrasound examination and a sialogram of the affected gland. Ultrasound has been found to have high sensitivity and specificity as well as high accuracy in detecting a calculus. Both of these techniques enable the clinician to accurately detect the presence of a salivary calculus and both highlight the presence of any significant changes within the ductal architecture of the gland.
Modeling and numerical analysis of fractional order hepatitis B virus model with harmonic mean type incidence rate
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Modern calculus is the generalization of the integer order calculus having an extra degree of choices for analysis. To check the inside behavior of the dynamics of various problems we can use significantly the idea of fractional calculus. Fractional dynamical systems can be checked on any values lying between two different natural numbers. Therefore fractional order differential equation may model very well the infectious problems under discussions (Baleanu et al. 2021; Khan, Zarin, Humphries et al. 2021; Zarin, Khan, Akgül, et al. 2022; Jajarmi et al. 2022). So many fractional operators have been defined as having a kernel of singularity and non-singularity (Atangana and Baleanu 2016; Atangana and Koca 2016; Zarin, Khan, Inc, et al. 2021; Khan et al. 2022) along with better applicability (Khan and Atangana 2020; Raza et al. 2020; Shah, Arfan, et al. 2020; Jain et al. 2021). Some of the scholars in Bonyah et al. (2020) have taken a problem related to the coupled dynamics of hepatitis and cancer under the fractional operators along with their valuable results.
Fractional dynamics and stability analysis of COVID-19 pandemic model under the harmonic mean type incidence rate
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Amir Khan, Rahat Zarin, Saddam Khan, Anwar Saeed, Taza Gul, Usa Wannasingha Humphries
Fractional calculus is the generalization of classical calculus. To get a better insight into a mathematical model and to deeply understand phenomena, non-integer order operators can be used. Moreover, models involving fractional-order derivatives provide a greater degree of accuracy and are able to abduct the fading memory and spanning behavior. Fractional order differential equations models give more understanding about a disease under consideration (Baleanu et al. 2020; Naik et al. 2020; Naik et al. 2020; Yavuz and Sene 2020). Literature has suggested a number of fractional operators with singular and nonsingular kernel (Keten et al. 2019; Yavuz and Bonyah 2019; Yavuz and Özdemir 2020; Zarin et al. 2021) and their applications can be found in some recent studies (Babaei et al. 2019; Babaei et al. 2020; Zarin et al. 2021). In Bonyah et al. (2020), the authors have considered co-dynamics for cancer and hepatitis using a mathematical model with fractional derivative and examined its results.
Efficacy of one-surgeon basketing technique for stone extraction during flexible ureteroscopy for urolithiasis
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2021
Go Anan, Kazunori Hattori, Shingo Hatakeyama, Chikara Ohyama, Makoto Sato
This retrospective study included patients with urinary calculus who underwent f-URS from September 2014 to March 2020 at the St. Luke’s International Hospital and Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Japan. The one-surgeon basketing method during f-URS was performed to extract stones. While more than 200 consecutive patients underwent f-URS during the above period, we included 100 patients performed by a single experienced surgeon (f-URS with one-surgeon basketing technique experience of >100 cases) using the one-surgeon basketing technique. Inclusion criteria included one-surgeon basketing method using a flexible ureteroscope. Exclusion criteria included: (i) stones sized >3.0 cm; (ii) complex stones that were initially scheduled for two-stage surgery; (iii) stone formation after urinary diversion; and (iv) use of only rigid URS in lithotripsy. This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (protocol 2019-2-056). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.