China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Identification of proper herbs
Published in C. P. Khare, Evidence-based Ayurveda, 2019
Danti is the pharmacopoeial name equated with Baliospermum montanum Muell.-Arg. Croton tiglium Linn. is used as a substitute in Tamil Nadu. Dantimuula is sold as Danti, Hastidanti, and Dravanti. Hastidanti is equated with Croton oblongifolius Roxb. And Dravanti with Jatropha curcas Linn. Roots of Ricinus communis Linn. is a common adulterant.
Medium-Depth and Deep Peeling
Published in Antonella Tosti, Maria Pia De Padova, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Kenneth R. Beer, Acne Scars, 2018
Croton oil is an extract of the seed of the plant Croton tiglium and has been commercially prepared as Croton resin since 1932. Its activity on the skin is related to free hydroxyl groups that cause skin vesiculation even in low doses.
Cathartics*
Published in Bev-Lorraine True, Robert H. Dreisbach, Dreisbach’s HANDBOOK of POISONING, 2001
Bev-Lorraine True, Robert H. Dreisbach
Croton oil is a non-volatile oil obtained from the seeds of Croton tiglium. The oil contains about 10% of a resin that is responsible for the effects of the oil. The active principles of colocynth (from Citrullus colocynthis), bryonia (from Bryonia alba), and elaterin (from the fruit of Ecballium elaterium) are mixtures of alkaloids, resins, and glycosides. Podophyllum resin (from Podophyllum peltatum, mayapple) and gamboge (from Garcinia hanburyi) are gum resins. Podophyllum resin (podofilox, Condilox) is used as a keratolytic.
Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of crotonoside
Published in Xenobiotica, 2018
Peiao Yan, Lan Zhang, Cheng Peng, Ruoqi Zhang
Croton Herba is the dried fruit of Croton tiglium L., which is a species of plant from the genus Croton of the family Euphorbiaceae. Croton Herba, which is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been shown to possess a variety of pharmacological activities (National Pharmacopoeia Committee, 2015) and shows different therapeutic effects in the clinic, according to the different routes of administration. Croton Herba is orally administered to treat constipation, acute throat trouble, dyspepsia and externally administered to treat skin diseases (National Pharmacopoeia Committee, 2015).
Identification and quantification of isoguanosine in humans and mice
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 2019
Allan Weimann, George McLeod, Trine Henriksen, Vanja Cejvanovic, Henrik E. Poulsen
Isoguanine was first synthesized in 1897 by Fischer [1], who predicted that it could occur in vivo. In 1932, the ribonucleoside isoguanosine (Figure 1) was found in the toxic croton bean Croton tiglium L. [2]; in 1940, isoguanine was reported in butterfly wings [3]; and in 1981, isoguanosine was isolated from the mollusk Diaulula sandiegensis [4].
Wei Chang An pill regulates gastrointestinal motility in a bidirectional manner
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Sitong Jia, Lijuan Chai, Jing Zhang, Min Zhang, Lin Li, Yaxin Qi, Yafen Pang, Xi Chen, Nana Fan, Lin Wang, Yujing Wang, Jixiang Song, Yingjie Sun, Yi Wang, Lin Miao, Han Zhang
Wei Chang An (WCA) pill is a commercial drug approved by China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) and has been widely used for gastrointestinal disorder treatment for decades. As the instruction described, WCA prescripts ten herbs including Aucklandia lappa Decne. (Compositae), Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg (Thymelaeaceae), Citrus aurantium L. (Rutaceae) (also called Fructus Aurantii), Magnolia offificinalis Rehd. et Wils. (Magnoliaceae), Santalum album L. (Santalaceae), Rheum offificinale Baill. (Polygonaceae), Croton tiglium L. (Euphorbiaceae), Moschus moschiferus Linnaeus, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Umbelliferae) and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae) (Liu et al. 2013). Previous studies have analyzed the chemical composition of WCA by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS); 68 known chemical compounds were detected and 41 unknown compounds were identified (Liu et al. 2013; Zhang et al. 2013). A few reports have shown that WCA has definite effects in various gastrointestinal diseases. Clinical observation of 60 cases of functional diarrhoea showed that WCA treatment improved the symptoms of diarrhoea and the total effective rate up to 98.3% (Liu et al. 2016). Pharmacological research showed that administration of WCA significantly accelerated gastrointestinal transit in normal mice and reduced stimulated neostigmine-induced gastrointestinal transit (Hu et al. 2009). WCA also attenuated spontaneous contractions induced by ACh or neostigmine in rabbit jejunum and inhibited gastric emptying (Hu et al. 2009; Wang et al. 2012). It has also been noticed that WCA exhibited a bidirectional effect on gastrointestinal transit and the spasmolytic activity of rat-isolated jejunum (Qu et al. 2014). However, it remains unclear that whether WCA ameliorates both diarrhoea and constipation and how WCA balances the contractile behaviours along the gastrointestinal tract.