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Chemopreventive Agents
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
Berberine is found in the stems, roots, rhizomes, and bark of berberis species such as berberis (Berberis aquifolium, also known as Oregon grape), barberry (Berberis vulgaris), and tree turmeric (Berberis aristata), from which its name is derived. However, it is also found in plants of other genera such as the Californian poppy (Eschscholzia californica), prickly poppy (Argemone mexicana), yellowroot (Xanthorhiza simplicissima), Chinese goldthread (Coptis chinensis), goldenseal (Hydrastis Canadensis), and phellodendron (Phellodendron amurense, also known as the Amur cork tree).
Using Appropriate Methodology and Technology for Research and Development of African Traditional Medicines
Published in Charles Wambebe, African Indigenous Medical Knowledge and Human Health, 2018
Rasoanaivo Philippe, Merlin Wilcox, Bertrand Graz
While this research continues, the results of the first three stages of the project have already been widely disseminated to the community. People in the study area now know that, of the very many herbal remedies available, Argemone mexicana is one of the most effective against uncomplicated malaria. It is produced locally at no monetary cost. Families also know that any case that does not improve should seek modern health care rapidly, particularly if any signs of severe malaria develop. As a result of this work, we have documented a 3.5-fold increase in the use of Argemone mexicana for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, and an 8-fold decrease in the consultation of traditional healers for severe malaria (Graz et al., 2010b). It is hoped that if this approach is scaled up, it could lead to substantial reductions in mortality from malaria and delay in the appearance of resistance to standard drugs such as artemisinin combination therapies.
Plant-Derived Natural Non-Nucleoside Analog Inhibitors (NNAIs) against RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Complex (nsp7/nsp8/nsp12) of SARS-CoV-2
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2023
Sreus A. G. Naidu, Ghulam Mustafa, Roger A. Clemens, A. Satyanarayan Naidu
Several phytonutrients from North-South African medicinal plants have demonstrated higher docking scores with RdRp than remdesivir, the reference antiviral drug. Based on molecular dynamic simulation data and free energy calculations, the docking scores for 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-echinocystic acid (ΔG= −9.9 kcal/mol), 3′-epiafroside (ΔG= −9.3 kcal/mol), and Genkwanin 8-C-β-glucopyranoside (ΔG= −9.1 kcal/mol), are reportedly several-fold higher than remdesivir (ΔG= −7.1 kcal/mol) (129). Also, Argemone mexicana L., known as ‘Ghamoya’ is used in herbal medicine as an anti-inflammatory, immune-modulator, anti-spasmodic and anti-HIV agent (130). Molecular docking data showed that Protopine (ΔG = −6.07 kcal/mol), Allocryptopine (ΔG = −5.75 kcal/mol) and (±) 6-Acetonyldihydrochelerythrine (ΔG = −5.66 kcal/mol) from this plant are potential RdRp inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 (131).
Isolation, characterisation and complement fixation activity of acidic polysaccharides from Argemone mexicana used as antimalarials in Mali
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Adama Dénou, Adiaratou Togola, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen, Nastaran Moussavi, Frode Rise, Yuan Feng Zou, Dalen G. Dafam, Elijah I. Nep, Abubakar Ahmed, Taiwo E. Alemika, Drissa Diallo, Rokia Sanogo, Berit Smestad Paulsen
Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae) is an herbal plant with prickly spikes both on its greenish stem and the pinnate lobed leaves; the flower is terminal and yellow and the fruit is a capsule with thorns (Dénou et al. 2020a). Argemone mexicana is indigenous in Mexico and the West Indies but has become pantropical after accidental introduction or introduction as an ornamental. It is naturalised in most African countries, from Cape Verde east to Somalia, and south to South Africa according to Bosch in 2008 as reported by Thorat and Ghorpade (2018). In Mali, the aqueous aerial part extract of this plant is used traditionally against malaria (Diallo et al. 2007). Several pharmacological activities including antimicrobial, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-stress, anti-allergic, vasoconstrictor and vasorelaxant effect, antifertility, cytotoxic, nematicidal, anti-feeding effect on ileum organ, fungi toxic, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antihepatotoxic and many more miscellaneous properties were reported from this plant species (Sharanappa and Vidyasagar 2014; Ibrahim et al. 2016; Husna and Reddy 2017; Pathak et al. 2021). Phytochemicals reported are carotenoids, phenolics, alkaloids, pectins, tannins, coumarins, flavonoids, amino acids, saponins and terpenoids (Sanogo et al. 2014, Sharanappa and Vidyasagar 2014; Ibrahim et al. 2016; Dénou et al. 2020a; Pathak et al. 2021). To date, there are very few reports on polysaccharides from Argemone mexicana (Dénou et al. 2019), and thus it would be of interest to investigate the structural properties and immunomodulatory activity of its polysaccharides.