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Honey and Its Immunostimulatory Activities
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
Natural therapeutic products have been consumed for thousands of years to manage several diseases. Though typical pharmaceutical approaches have replaced many, the extensive population has recently observed the revival of interest in the consumption of honey and its products. Apitherapy is the branch of alternative therapeutics that deals with the usage of bee products, i.e. royal jelly, propolis, honey, pollen and bee venom, to prevent and manage diseases (Ghosh & Playford, 2003). There are fundamentally two principal categories of honey, forest and apiary honey. The honey can be multifloral or monofloral, depending on whether the honey is assembled from the nectar of a similar blossom or the flower nectar of different types. The honey synthesised by the Apis mellifera and Apis cerana indica honey bees in apiaries and gathered by contemporary extraction methods is known as apiary honey, devoid of any foreign matter and transparent. Contrastingly, that synthesised in forests by Apis dorsata or from untamed nests of Apis cerana indica and assembled by the crude compressing comb method is recognised as forest honey. This kind of honey is cloudy or thick with suspended particles including plenty of bee larvae, wax, pollen, fragments of bees and other substances from plants. Hence, it is compulsory to filter the extracted honey to segregate the suspended materials (Subrahmanyam, 2007).
The Definition of TM
Published in Goh Cheng Soon, Gerard Bodeker, Kishan Kariippanon, Healthy Ageing in Asia, 2022
The Department of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, Ministry of Health Turkey, has indicated that T&CM is the practice in Turkey and carries almost the same definition of TM by the WHO to protect the physical and mental health (Ministry of Health Turkey, 2020). In accordance with the Regulation on Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices, the officially listed 15 T&CM practices include acupuncture, apitherapy, phytotherapy, hypnosis, leech therapy (hirudotherapy), homoeopathy, chiropractic, cupping therapy, maggot therapy, mesotherapy, prolotherapy, osteopathy, ozone therapy, reflexology and music therapy (Ministry of Health Turkey, 2016). The usage of T&CM has been under the influence by social, cultural, religion and economic factors as well as traditional structures of societies (Kavadar et al., 2019). 83.5% of the population believed in T&CM, and herbal therapy is the main preference (Ozer, Santaş and Yildirim, 2012).
Honey-Based Polyphenols: Extraction, Quantification, Bioavailability, and Biological Activities
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Arijit Nath, Rasul Hafiz Ansar Suleria, Plant-Based Functional Foods and Phytochemicals, 2021
Csilla Benedek, John-Lewis Zinia Zaukuu, Zsanett Bodor, Zoltan Kovacs
Health and diet have always a symbiotic relationship that partly continues to be unraveled: diet has a direct impact on health. Aristotle noted that pale honey has “beneficial for sore eyes and skin lesions’“[58]. Many similar hypotheses represent the roots of apitherapy, a modern-day alternative liaison of medicine whose primary interest is the potencies of honey including diverse bee products for treatment of diseases and illnesses.
Cellular targets and molecular activity mechanisms of bee venom in cancer: recent trends and developments
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2022
Ayşegül Varol, Serap Sezen, Dilhan Evcimen, Atefeh Zarepour, Gönül Ulus, Ali Zarrabi, Gamal Badr, Sevgi Durna Daştan, Asya Gülistan Orbayoğlu, Zeliha Selamoğlu, Mehmet Varol
Nature has always been seen as a source beyond imagination for nutrition, poisons and medicines (Varol 2019a). Therefore, a wide range of cancer diseases have been treated for centuries using traditional knowledge about natural resources, and natural products are considered the most reliable sources for rationally discovering and developing new drugs to treat cancers and improve human quality of life (Bačkorová et al. 2012, Varol 2018). Apitherapy, the medicinal use of honey bees and their related products, has been used since the ancient Babylonian, Chinese, Egyptian, Greek and Indian civilizations and continues to attract great attention of scientists today (Ali 2012). Well-known bee products such as honey bees, honey, propolis, pollen, beeswax and royal jelly are widely used by people for nutritional and therapeutic purposes due to their well-known health benefits. One of the most interesting bee products is bee venom with high potential therapeutic efficacy (Cooney et al. 2011, Jones et al. 2011).
Antimicrobial peptides and other peptide-like therapeutics as promising candidates to combat SARS-CoV-2
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2021
Masoumeh Sadat Mousavi Maleki, Mosayeb Rostamian, Hamid Madanchi
The pore-forming peptides, like Melittin, represent a subset of AMPs that binds to the virus coating and forms a channel-like structure or pore in two lipid bilayers [25]. To date, no studies have been performed on the efficacy of Melittin or its derivatives on SARS-CoV-2. However, in a study in China, bee venom was effective in preventing COVID-19 in beekeepers exposed to bee stings [74]. In this study, apitherapy in 121 people prevented them from developing COVID-19, while three of them were in close contact with COVID-19 patients [74]. Apitherapy is a branch of alternative medicine that uses honey bee products, including honey, pollen, propolis, royal jelly, and bee venom [75]. Regarding previous research on the antiviral role of Melittin and its immunomodulatory function, it can be suspected that in their study the most important effective component in bee venom has been Melittin.
Pulmonary prophylactic impact of bee venom against alterations induced by gamma irradiation via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2022
Dina Mahmoud Lotfy, Hesham Farouk Hasan, Dalia M. Mostafa
Apitherapy is a complementary medicine that uses honeybee products, particularly bee venom, to treat a variety of human ailments. Manual injection or direct bee stings can both deliver venom to the human body (Wehbe et al. 2019).