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Restricted and Banned Herbals
Published in Amritpal Singh Saroya, Reverse Pharmacology, 2018
Description: A rare chocolate-vine hybrid similar to A. quinata but shows leaves with 3-5 leaflets that have prominent crenations along the margins. Akebia quinata has leaves with (3-) 5 (-7) leaflets that have entirely undulate margins (rarely with 1 or 2 obscure teeth).
TCM safety and regulations
Published in Raymond Cooper, Chun-Tao Che, Daniel Kam-Wah Mok, Charmaine Wing-Yee Tsang, Chinese and Botanical Medicines, 2017
Raymond Cooper, Chun-Tao Che, Daniel Kam-Wah Mok, Charmaine Wing-Yee Tsang
The kidney damage due to the intake of excessive aristolochic acid is known as aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). An incident similar to the case reports described above was reported in Belgium. Many of the AAN cases were due to the confusion in the nomenclature of these Aristolochia species with other herbs. For example, A. manshuriensis is known as Guanmutong in Chinese and there is another herb known as Mutong which is the stem of Akebia quinata or Akebia trifoliate. A. fangji (Guangfangji) may be confused as Fangji (root of Stephania tetrandra).
Chang-wei-qing, a Chinese herbal formula, ameliorates colitis-associated tumour development via inhibiting NF-κB and STAT3 signalling pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2019
Guangsheng Wan, Manli Xie, Xinyan Zhang, Meiying Li
All crude drugs of CWQ were purchased from a local herbal medicine market. Components have been identified and provided by the Department of Pharmacy of Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Briefly, Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge (Leguminosae) (dried root), Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. (Asteraceae) (dried root), Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. (Campanulaceae) (dried root), Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne. (Lardizabalaceae) (fruit), Polyporus umbellatus (Pers.) Fr. (Polyporaceae) (dried root), Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. mayuen (Roman.) Stapf (Poaceae) (seeds), Vitis quinquangularis Rehder (Vitaceae) (dried root) and Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehder & E.H.Wilson (Sargentodoxacea) (stem) were mixed at a ratio of 10:5:5:8:8:10:10:10. The herbal mixture was decocted twice with 3000 mL water for 1 h each time, and the decoction was filtrated and stored at 4 °C for further use. Decoction liquid was prepared for animal administration at 1.33 g/mL. The mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6 per group): non-treatment (NT), AOM/DSS treatment (AOM/DSS), Bifico (Bif) treatment (AOM/DSS/Bif), low dose of CWQ (AOM/DSS/CWQL) and high dose of CWQ (AOM/DSS/CWQH). The mice in the low dose of CWQ were given CWQ 5 mg/kg by gavage 2 weeks before the beginning of the experiment each day until the end of the experiment. The mice in the high dose of CWQ were given CWQ 10 mg/kg by gavage 2 weeks before the beginning of the experiment each day until the end of the experiment. The mice in the Bif group were given Bif capsules (4.2 g/kg, dissolved in 200 mL physiological saline) by gavage 2 weeks before the beginning of the experiment each day until the end of the experiment.